ReviewResuscitation plus2023
A systematic review of interventions for resuscitation following drowning.
Review in Resuscitation plus, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- An innovative porcine model of pediatric drowning.Resuscitation plus · 2026Article
- Article
- Trends in Unintentional Drowning Mortality Among U.S. Adults Aged ≥25 Years, 1999-2024: A U.S. Surveillance Analysis.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- "Good outcome after drowning with prolonged resuscitation and secondary pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome requiring extra-corporeal-membrane-oxygenation - A special case in comparison to the single-center local 10-year experience in pediatric drowning".Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Cardiac arrest events on Australian beaches.Resuscitation plus · 2025Article
- Prehospital Defibrillation Challenges in Victims Wearing Wetsuits: A Pilot Comparison of AED Pad Placement Strategies.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Burden of unintentional drowning in China from 1990 to 2019 and exposure to water: findings from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study.Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention · 2025Article
- A Comparative Evaluation of the Quality and Feasibility of 'Over-the-Head' Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation by a Single Rescuer: Pocket Mask vs. Bag-Valve Mask-A Pilot Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The Danish Drowning Cohort: Utstein-style data from fatal and non-fatal drowning incidents in Denmark.BMC medical research methodology · 2025Article
- Increasing ventilation in drowning resuscitation - A cross-over randomized simulation study of ventilation during automated external defibrillator analysis pauses.Resuscitation plus · 2024Article
- Gaps in Education: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study of Knowledge of Advanced Lifesaving Interventions among Canadian Lifeguards.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Drowning and Nonfatal Drowning in Children and Adolescents: A Subsequent Retrospective Data Analysis.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Assessing violence and injury prevention plans, strategies and indicators in eighteen Pacific Islands countries: an environmental scan.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
23 authors at 18 institutions in 11 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objectives: The International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation, in collaboration with drowning researchers from around the world, aimed to review the evidence addressing seven key resuscitation interventions: 1) immediate versus delayed resuscitation; (2) compression first versus ventilation first strategy; (3) compression-only CPR versus standard CPR (compressions and ventilations); (4) ventilation with and without equipment; (5) oxygen administration prior to hospital arrival; (6) automated external defibrillation first versus cardiopulmonary resuscitation first strategy; (7) public access defibrillation programmes. Methods: The review included studies relating to adults and children who had sustained a cardiac arrest following drowning with control groups and reported patient outcomes. Searches were run from database inception through to April 2023. The following databases were searched Ovid MEDLINE, Pre-Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Risk of bias was assessed using the ROBINS-I tool and the certainty of evidence was assessed using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation. The findings are reported as a narrative synthesis. Results: Three studies were included for two of the seven interventions (2,451 patients). No randomised controlled trials were identified. A retrospective observational study reported in-water resuscitation with rescue breaths improved patient outcomes compared to delayed resuscitation on land ( Conclusion: The key finding of this systematic review is the paucity of evidence, with control groups, to inform treatment guidelines for resuscitation in drowning.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.