ArticleBMJ open2023
Maternal and environmental Impact assessment on Neurodevelopment in Early childhood years (MINE): a prospective cohort study protocol from a low, middle-income country.
Article in BMJ open, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.
- Maternal and infant correlates of postpartum depression: a study from low socioeconomic communities in Karachi, Pakistan.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Association Between Human Milk-Targeted Metabolites and Maternal Characteristics: Targeted Metabolomic Profiling of Human Milk in Low-Income Settings.Metabolites · 2026Article
- Environmental adversity, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and neurogenesis.Neurotoxicology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionEnvironmental and psychosocial adversities negatively impact children's developmental outcomes. When these factors are experienced in early childhood-a sensitive period of development-the developing brain can be altered. While these associations have been drawn in high-income countries, it is necessary to understand child growth, neurodevelopment, and the role of environmental factors in developmental trajectories in low-income settings. The objective of this study is to longitudinally assess how demographic factors, maternal health, maternal development, and child health, are related to child development on a behavioural, cognitive, and neuroimaging level in low-socioeconomic communities. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: Mother-child dyads will be identified in the peri-urban field sites of Rehri Goth and Ibrahim Hyderi, Karachi, Pakistan. Dyads will undergo yearly assessments for 4 years beginning when the child is 1 month, 3 months or 6 months of age (+≤30 days of age) (depending on group assignment). Maternal assessments include anthropometry, behavioural, cognitive, and developmental assessments (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale; Parenting Stress Index; Maternal Autonomy Index; Hurt, Insult, Threaten, Scream Tool; Reynolds Intellectual Assessment Scales (RIAS)), and biological samples collection (breast milk, blood, stool, hair). Children's assessments include anthropometry, developmental assessments (Global Scales for Early Development (GSED); RIAS), MRI brain assessments, and biological sample collection (blood, stool, hair). Using cross-sectional and longitudinal data with statistical analysis tools, associations will be quantified between brain structure (MRI) and connectivity (resting state connectivity and diffusion tensor imaging), general cognitive skills (RIAS, GSED) and environmental influences (nutrition via biological samples, maternal mental health via questionnaires) through repeated measures analysis of variance tests and χ ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The study has received ethical approval from the Aga Khan University Ethics Review Committee. The study's findings will be disseminated through scientific publications and project summaries for the participants.
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Registered trials
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