ArticleScientific reports2023
Synthesis and pharmacological activity of the epimers of hexahydrocannabinol (HHC).
Article in Scientific reports, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Poorly labeled CBD and related cannabinoid oils marketed in Europe: a hidden risk for consumers? Insights from a long-term study.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2026Article
- Preliminary pharmacokinetic investigations of hydroxylated metabolites after controlled inhalative and oral consumption of hexahydrocannabinol (HHC).Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Comprehensive Profiling of Phytocannabinoids and Semisynthetic Cannabinoids in Seized Materials from Northern Italy.ACS omega · 2026Article
- Hexahydrocannabinol-induced rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury: a case report combining comprehensive toxicokinetic and metabolomic investigations.Journal of cannabis research · 2026Article
- Rapid LC-QTOF-MS screening method for semi-synthetic cannabinoids in whole blood.Journal of analytical toxicology · 2026Article
- Dissociative-like Neurotoxicity Following Analytically Confirmed Exposure To Hexahydrocannabinol (HHC).Journal of medical toxicology : official journal of the American College of Medical Toxicology · 2026Article
- Prevalence and reasons for using cannabidiol, delta-8 tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabinol, cannabigerol, and hexahydrocannabinol among US adults.Journal of cannabis research · 2025Article
- Characterising a New Cannabis Trend: Extensive Analysis of Semi-Synthetic Cannabinoid-Containing Seizures From Germany.Drug testing and analysis · 2025Article
- Hexahydrocannabinol: pharmacokinetics, systemic toxicity, and acute behavioral effects in Wistar rats.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2025Article
- Human metabolism of the semi-synthetic cannabinoids hexahydrocannabinol, hexahydrocannabiphorol and their acetates using hepatocytes and urine samples.Drug testing and analysis · 2025Article
- Article
- Investigation of the intrinsic cannabinoid activity of hemp-derived and semisynthetic cannabinoids with β-arrestin2 recruitment assays-and how this matters for the harm potential of seized drugs.Archives of toxicology · 2024Article
- An emerging trend in Novel Psychoactive Substances (NPSs): designer THC.Journal of cannabis research · 2024Review
- Hexahydrocannabinol (HHC) and ΔScientific reports · 2024Article
- Studies Pertaining to the Emerging Cannabinoid Hexahydrocannabinol (HHC).ACS chemical biology · 2023Article
- Saturated Cannabinoids: Update on Synthesis Strategies and Biological Studies of These Emerging Cannabinoid Analogs.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cannabis is a multifaceted plant with numerous therapeutic properties on one hand, and controversial psychotropic activities on the other hand, which are modulated by CB1 endocannabinoid receptors. Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) has been identified as the main component responsible for the psychotropic effects, while its constitutional isomer cannabidiol (CBD) has shown completely different pharmacological properties. Due to its reported beneficial effects, Cannabis has gained global popularity and is openly sold in shops and online. To circumvent legal restrictions, semi-synthetic derivatives of CBD are now frequently added to cannabis products, producing "high" effects similar to those induced by Δ9-THC. The first semi-synthetic cannabinoid to appear in the EU was obtained through cyclization and hydrogenation of CBD, and is known as hexahydrocannabinol (HHC). Currently, there is limited knowledge regarding HHC, its pharmacological properties, and its prevalence, as it is not commonly investigated in routine toxicological assays. In this study, synthetic strategies were explored to obtain an excess of the active epimer of HHC. Furthermore, the two epimers were purified and individually tested for their cannabinomimetic activity. Lastly, a simple and rapid chromatographic method employing a UV detector and a high-resolution mass spectrometer was applied to identify and quantify up to ten major phytocannabinoids, as well as the HHC epimers, in commercial cannabis samples.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.