ArticleImmunity2023
Site-specific development and progressive maturation of human tissue-resident memory T cells over infancy and childhood.
Article in Immunity, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immune cell profiling in intestinal transplantation.Human immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Dysregulated tissue immunity in human fatal asthma.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Maternal and infant gut microbiome.iMeta · 2026Review
- Single-Cell Profiling Identifies Skin-Resident Memory CD4European journal of immunology · 2026Article
- Distinct transcription factors control tissue adaptation and effector function in infant and adult memory T cells.Nature immunology · 2026Article
- CD8MedComm · 2026Review
- Sequential infection reprograms the immune landscape to shape future responses.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Single-cell map of the healthy human immune system across the lifespan reveals unique infant immune signatures.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Human tissue-resident CD8 T cells contribute to trophoblast homeostasis in health and during acute inflammation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Immune gene expression dynamics across the lifespan of Tibetan macaques (Current zoology · 2026Article
- Immune development in early life.Nature immunology · 2026Review
- Harnessing the potential of γδ T cells through engineering and combination treatment for cancer therapies.Nature communications · 2026Review
- Spatial instruction of tissue immunity.ImmunoHorizons · 2026Review
- Early-life viral infection generates pathological tissue-resident memory cells that contribute to asthma-like disease.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Tissue-specific adaptation of human T cells is preserved during tissue inflammation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Age determines NK cell fate and tissue compartmentalization to CMV infection.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Enumeration, Phenotyping, and Clinical Associations of Tissue-Resident T Cells in the Ecto- and Endocervix of Women Attending a Colposcopy Clinic.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2026Article
- Azathioprine or mycophenolate mofetil for pediatric autoimmune cytopenia: a propensity score-matched study.Blood advances · 2026Article
- Dietary iron deficiency impairs effector function of memory T cells following influenza infection.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Article
- Prolonged persistence of tissue-resident memory cells in the upper airway following SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination.Clinical & translational immunology · 2026Article
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on byT2023
Authors and funding
23 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Infancy and childhood are critical life stages for generating immune memory to protect against pathogens; however, the timing, location, and pathways for memory development in humans remain elusive. Here, we investigated T cells in mucosal sites, lymphoid tissues, and blood from 96 pediatric donors aged 0-10 years using phenotypic, functional, and transcriptomic profiling. Our results revealed that memory T cells preferentially localized in the intestines and lungs during infancy and accumulated more rapidly in mucosal sites compared with blood and lymphoid organs, consistent with site-specific antigen exposure. Early life mucosal memory T cells exhibit distinct functional capacities and stem-like transcriptional profiles. In later childhood, they progressively adopt proinflammatory functions and tissue-resident signatures, coincident with increased T cell receptor (TCR) clonal expansion in mucosal and lymphoid sites. Together, our findings identify staged development of memory T cells targeted to tissues during the formative years, informing how we might promote and monitor immunity in children.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.