Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37415023›Full record

ReviewNeurocritical care2024

Early Versus Late Tracheostomy in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury: A US Nationwide Analysis.

Amirhossein Azari Jafari, Seyyedmohammadsadeq Mirmoeeni, David Momtaz, Travis Kotzur, Gregory Murtha, Carlos Garcia, Maggie Moran, Paola Martinez, Kevin Chen, Hari Krishnakumar and 1 more

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Neurocritical care, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
1.8field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Amirhossein Azari JafariStudent Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.
Seyyedmohammadsadeq MirmoeeniStudent Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.
David MomtazSchool of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio School of Medicine, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Travis KotzurSchool of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio School of Medicine, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Gregory MurthaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Division of Neuro Critical Care, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio School of Medicine, 7033 Floyd Curl Drive, Mail code 7843, San Antonio, TX, 78299, USA.
Carlos GarciaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Division of Neuro Critical Care, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio School of Medicine, 7033 Floyd Curl Drive, Mail code 7843, San Antonio, TX, 78299, USA.
Maggie MoranDepartment of Neurosurgery, Division of Neuro Critical Care, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio School of Medicine, 7033 Floyd Curl Drive, Mail code 7843, San Antonio, TX, 78299, USA.
Paola MartinezDepartment of Neurosurgery, Division of Neuro Critical Care, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio School of Medicine, 7033 Floyd Curl Drive, Mail code 7843, San Antonio, TX, 78299, USA.
Kevin ChenDepartment of Neurosurgery, Division of Neuro Critical Care, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio School of Medicine, 7033 Floyd Curl Drive, Mail code 7843, San Antonio, TX, 78299, USA.
Hari KrishnakumarSchool of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio School of Medicine, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Ali SeifiDepartment of Neurosurgery, Division of Neuro Critical Care, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio School of Medicine, 7033 Floyd Curl Drive, Mail code 7843, San Antonio, TX, 78299, USA. seifi@uthscsa.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-5010-5041
The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio · USShahroud University of Medical Sciences · IR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundOne of the most critical issues in patients suffering from traumatic brain injury (TBI) is protecting the airway and attempting to keep a secure airway. It is evident that tracheostomy in patients with TBI after 7-14 days can have favorable outcomes if the patient cannot be extubated; however, some clinicians have recommended early tracheostomy before 7 days.

methodsA retrospective cohort of inpatient study participants was queried from the National Inpatient Sample to include patients with TBI between 2016 and 2020 undergoing tracheostomy and outcomes between the two groups of early tracheostomy (ET) (< 7 days from admission) and late tracheostomy (LT) (≥ 7 days from admission) were compared.

resultsWe reviewed 219,005 patients with TBI, out of whom 3.04% had a tracheostomy. Patients in the ET group were younger than those in the LT group (45.02 ± 19.38 years old vs. 48.68 ± 20.50 years old, respectively, p < 0.001), mainly men (76.64% vs. 73.73%, respectively, p = 0.01), and mainly White race (59.88% vs. 57.53%, respectively, p = 0.33). The patients in the ET group had a significantly shorter length of stay as compared with those in the LT group (27.78 ± 25.96 days vs. 36.32 ± 29.30 days, respectively, p < 0.001) and had a significantly lower hospital charge ($502,502.436 ± 427,060.81 vs. $642,739.302 ± 516,078.94 per patient, respectively, p < 0.001). The whole TBI cohort mortality was reported at 7.04%, which was higher within the ET group compared with the LT group (8.69% vs. 6.07%, respectively, p < 0.001). Patients in the LT had higher odds of developing any infection (odds ratio [OR] 1.43 [1.22-1.68], p < 0.001), emerging sepsis (OR 1.61 [1.39-1.87], p < 0.001), pneumonia (OR 1.52 [1.36-1.69], p < 0.001), and respiratory failure (OR 1.30 [1.09-1.55], p = 0.004).

conclusionsThis study shows that ET can provide notable and significant benefits for patients with TBI. Future high-quality prospective studies should be performed to investigate and shed more light on the ideal timing of tracheostomy in patients with TBI.

Indexed as

Brain Injuries, TraumaticPneumoniaAdultAgedFemaleHumansLength of StayMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesRespiration, ArtificialRetrospective StudiesTracheostomyEarly tracheostomyLate tracheostomyTBITracheostomyTraumatic brain injury

Identifiers

PMID37415023
OpenAlexW4383314761

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.