ArticleFrontiers in immunology2023
Leptomeningeal enhancement of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated encephalitis: uncovering novel markers on contrast-enhanced fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Movement Disorders in MOGAD: A Systematic Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Pooled it
- Recurrent Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Positive Aseptic Meningitis at the Identical Site in a Child: Leptomeningeal Enhancement Detected by Contrast-Enhanced FLAIR Imaging.Yonago acta medica · 2026Article
- Case Report: Pediatric MOG/NMDAR overlap syndrome with delayed cortical MRI evolution and incidental venous sinus hypoplasia.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- MOG Antibody-Associated Disease With Bilateral Deep Gray Matter Involvement in a Child: Unique MRI Findings and Therapeutic Response.Case reports in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Pain and Headache in Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Disease.Current pain and headache reports · 2025Review
- Case Report: MOGAD - a steroid-responsive autoimmune meningoencephalitis mimicking infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Pediatric Meningeal Diseases: What Radiologists Need to Know.Tomography (Ann Arbor, Mich.) · 2024Review
- Imaging of brain barrier inflammation and brain fluid drainage in human neurological diseases.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2024Review
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9 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease (MOGAD) is a newly defined autoimmune inflammatory demyelinating central nervous system (CNS) disease characterized by antibodies against MOG. Leptomeningeal enhancement (LME) on contrast-enhanced fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (CE-FLAIR) images has been reported in patients with other diseases and interpreted as a biomarker of inflammation. This study retrospectively analyzed the prevalence and distribution of LME on CE-FLAIR images in children with MOG antibody-associated encephalitis (MOG-E). The corresponding magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features and clinical manifestations are also presented. Methods: The brain MRI images (native and CE-FLAIR) and clinical manifestations of 78 children with MOG-E between January 2018 and December 2021 were analyzed. Secondary analyses evaluated the relationship between LME, clinical manifestations, and other MRI measures. Results: Forty-four children were included, and the median age at the first onset was 70.5 months. The prodromal symptoms were fever, headache, emesis, and blurred vision, which could be progressively accompanied by convulsions, decreased level of consciousness, and dyskinesia. MOG-E showed multiple and asymmetric lesions in the brain by MRI, with varying sizes and blurred edges. These lesions were hyperintense on the T2-weighted and FLAIR images and slightly hypointense or hypointense on the T1-weighted images. The most common sites involved were juxtacortical white matter (81.8%) and cortical gray matter (59.1%). Periventricular/juxtaventricular white matter lesions (18.2%) were relatively rare. On CE-FLAIR images, 24 (54.5%) children showed LME located on the cerebral surface. LME was an early feature of MOG-E ( Conclusion: LME on CE-FLAIR images may be a novel early marker among patients with MOG-E. The inclusion of CE-FLAIR images in MRI protocols for children with suspected MOG-E at an early stage may be useful for the diagnosis of this disease.
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