ReviewFrontiers in immunology2022
The gut-liver axis in immune remodeling of hepatic cirrhosis.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Epigenetic reprogramming and antitumor immune responses in gliomas: a systematic review.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Pooled it
- Gut Microbiota, Immunity, and Metabolism in the Progression From Chronic Liver Disease to Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Polysaccharide-driven gut microbial metabolism in neurodegenerative brain diseases: from SCFAs and tryptophan catabolites to neuroinflammatory regulation.Metabolic brain disease · 2026Review
- Sex-specific associations of urinary zinc, iron, and zinc-to-iron ratio with obesity indicators and phenotypes.European journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- Localized follicular delivery of a JAK inhibitor using optimized PhosGlyNanoVes: a novel approach for alopecia areata treatment.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Nature's Power at Nanoscale: Isolation and Characterization of Exosome-like Nanovesicles from Murraya koenigii.Applied biochemistry and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Metabolic and neuroimmune control of rheumatoid arthritis: therapeutic implications of FXR and α7-nAChR axes.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Review
- Adenosine A2a receptors offset cholinergic control of blood pressure, autonomic neuropathy, and brainstem neuroinflammation in sepsis.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- The Gastrointestinal Barrier-Mechanisms of Barrier Dysfunction in Liver Cirrhosis and Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Recent developments and prospects in locoregional therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma.Abdominal radiology (New York) · 2026Review
- Therapeutic horizons of cuproptosis: bibliometric mapping of copper-dependent cell death research and its pharmacological implications.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Natural Broccoli Sprout-Derived Exosomes Encapsulating Bioactive Molecules as a Novel Nanomedicine for Repair of Intestinal Inflammation.The AAPS journal · 2026Article
- Review
- Clinical and MicroRNA Responses to Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Patients with Alcohol-Related Cirrhosis: A Pilot Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Untangling the Complexity of Childhood Atopic Dermatitis: Phenotypes and Endotypes.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2026Review
- The gut-liver-virus axis in hepatitis B and C: microbiota, immunometabolism, and exosome-mediated therapeutic opportunities.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Review
- Advances in the Therapeutic Landscape of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Current Strategies and Future Perspectives.Cancers · 2026Review
- Integrated analysis of gut microbiota structure and metabolic function in patients with cirrhosis and refractory ascites.Biomedical reports · 2026Article
- Age-driven dysbiosis: gut microbiota in the pathogenesis and treatment of aging disorders.Biogerontology · 2026Review
- Liver Fibrosis and the Risks of Impaired Cognition and Dementia: Mechanisms, Evidence, and Clinical Implications.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In healthy settings, the gut-liver axis allows host-microbiota communications and mediates immune homeostasis through bidirectional regulation. Meanwhile, in diseases, gut dysbiosis, combined with an impaired intestinal barrier, introduces pathogens and their toxic metabolites into the system, causing massive immune alternations in the liver and other extrahepatic organs. Accumulating evidence suggests that these immune changes are associated with the progression of many liver diseases, especially hepatic cirrhosis. Pathogen-associated molecular patterns that originated from gut microbes directly stimulate hepatocytes and liver immune cells through different pattern recognition receptors, a process further facilitated by damage-associated molecular patterns released from injured hepatocytes. Hepatic stellate cells, along with other immune cells, contribute to this proinflammatory and profibrogenic transformation. Moreover, cirrhosis-associated immune dysfunction, an imbalanced immune status characterized by systemic inflammation and immune deficiency, is linked to gut dysbiosis. Though the systemic inflammation hypothesis starts to link gut dysbiosis to decompensated cirrhosis from a clinical perspective, a clearer demonstration is still needed for the role of the gut-liver-immune axis in cirrhosis progression. This review discusses the different immune states of the gut-liver axis in both healthy and cirrhotic settings and, more importantly, summarizes the current evidence about how microbiota-derived immune remodeling contributes to the progression of hepatic cirrhosis
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.