ArticleMiddle East African journal of ophthalmology
Effects of Smoking on Outcomes of Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Therapy in Patients with Diabetic Macular Edema: A Retrospective Case-Control Study.
Article in Middle East African journal of ophthalmology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.
- Progerin mRNA Is Associated with Smoking and Signs of Increased Microvascular Damage in Patients with Diabetic Macular Edema.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Cardiovascular Risk Factors as Independent Predictors of Diabetic Retinopathy in Type II Diabetes Mellitus: The Development of a Predictive Model.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo determine the effect of smoking on the response to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy treatment in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME).
methodsThis is a retrospective case - control study that included 60 eyes with DME. Smoking habits were obtained from hospital records and patient recall. Patients were divided into two groups: the ever-smoker group and the never-smoker group. All patients received Intravitreal ranibizumab with three loading doses followed by PRN protocol and all were followed up for at least 1 year. Outcome measures were best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central retinal thickness (CRT) at the fovea, and number of visits.
resultsSmoking was not associated with worse posttreatment visual acuity and was not found to influence the change in ocular coherence tomography measurement of central macular thickness and the change in BCVA (posttreatment minus pretreatment). There were no statistically significant differences in the duration of treatment or number of visits between two groups of patients the ever-smoker group and the never-smoker group (
conclusionIn this study, smoking status did not influence the treatment outcome of anti-VEGFs; however, smoking should be encouraged due to its well-known other systemic unwanted effects.
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