ArticleMiddle East African journal of ophthalmology
Prevalence of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma and its Relationship with Smoking in the Population of the Azar Cohort: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Article in Middle East African journal of ophthalmology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 2 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tobacco smoking is not associated with primary open-angle glaucoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.International ophthalmology · 2026Pooled it
- Smoking and Risk of Vision Threatening Complications: A Global Database Analysis.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThe purpose is to determine the prevalence of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and study the relationship of smoking and other potential risk factors with POAG.
methodsThis is a cross-sectional study based on the Azar cohort databases (including the eye cohort study) in Iran, including 11,208 participants aged 35-70 years. According to the questionnaire, participants were divided into five groups in terms of smoking. Ophthalmologic examinations were performed in two steps. The first step was performed by an optometrist, and all referred participants underwent a complete ophthalmological examination in the second step, then after POAG cases were diagnosed using Criteria of the International Society of Geographic and Epidemiological Ophthalmology.
resultsOf the participants, 4992 (44.5%) were male and 6216 (55.5%) were female, with a mean age of 50.1 ± 9.27 years. The prevalence of POAG in our study population was 1%, which included 58 (1.2%) males and 58 (0.9%) females. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the prevalence of different smoking categories in both genders. There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups in both genders in terms of diabetes mellitus (DM) after adjusting for age and there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups in the male population in terms of triglycerides ≥150 mg/dl.
conclusionFindings of this study indicated that there is no association between cigarette smoking in different doses and a history of smoking with POAG. Other factors, such as aging and underlying diseases, including DM and hypertriglyceridemia, have a statistically significant association with POAG.
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