ArticleMiddle East African journal of ophthalmology
Factors Affecting the Efficacy of Botulinum Toxin Injection in the Treatment of Infantile and Partially Accommodative Esotropia.
Article in Middle East African journal of ophthalmology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Use of Botulinum Toxin for Esotropia Treatment in Government Hospitals of Bahrain: A Cross-Sectional Study.Cureus · 2026Article
- Outcome of Botox Injection in Partially Accommodative Esotropia Compared to Medial Rectus Recession.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeWe aimed to investigate the effect of botulinum toxin (BT) injection on the treatment of infantile and partially accommodative esotropia (PAET).
methodsThis retrospective cohort study included patients who received BT injections for infantile and PAET between January 2015 and December 2018. Treatment was considered successful if orthotropia, consecutive exotropia, or esotropia within 10 prism diopters (PD) was achieved.
resultsThe overall success rate was 47.4%, with a mean follow-up period of 27.8 months in 403 children. BT treatment was considered successful in 37.1% of cases of infantile esotropia and 53.1% of cases of partially accommodative esotropia. The average deviation angle before starting treatment was 35.5 ± 13.9 PD. Side effects 1 week after BT injections included transient overcorrection (63.8%) and transient ptosis (41.7%). There were no significant differences in the success rates between the different doses of BT (
conclusionA smaller angle of deviation and transient overcorrection were associated with a higher success rate, and no significant difference was observed in the success rates of different BT doses.
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