ReviewJournal of intensive care2023
Different definitions of feeding intolerance and their associations with outcomes of critically ill adults receiving enteral nutrition: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Review in Journal of intensive care, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06609213 (Oral Intake of Enteral Nutrition Formula Preceding Placement and Feeding Via G-Tube and Its Impact on Formula Intolerance in pALS), which is not on this map. Cited by 30 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Oral Intake of Enteral Nutrition Formula Preceding Placement and Feeding Via G-Tube and Its Impact on Formula Intolerance in pALS
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence and risk factors for feeding intolerance in geriatric patients following nasogastric tube nutrition: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026Pooled it
- Predictors of enteral nutrition intolerance in severe acute pancreatitis: a meta-analysis.BMC nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- Risk prediction models for enteral feeding intolerance in critically ill patients: a systematic review.Frontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of continuous versus intermittent enteral feeding on feeding tolerance in critically ill adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Diagnostic accuracy of gastrointestinal ultrasound in predicting enteral feeding intolerance: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- Intermittent versus continuous enteral nutrition in critically ill patients: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- Intermittent enteral nutrition may increase gastrointestinal complications and mortality in critically ill patients.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Risk prediction models for feeding intolerance in patients with enteral nutrition: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Pooled it
- Exploring a tolerable and effective dosage of omega-3 fatty acids as a supplement in enterally fed patients with severe pneumonia: A pilot study.Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition · 2026Trial
- Mosapride versus Metoclopramide in Critically Ill Patients with Enteral Feeding Intolerance: A Randomized, Double-Blinded Comparison.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Trial
- Article
- Association between age and outcomes of evidence-based feeding protocol versus usual care in critically ill patients: secondary analysis of a multicenter cluster-randomised controlled trial.Journal of intensive care · 2026Article
- Use of Prokinetic Agents in Adult ICU Patients: An International Inception Cohort Study (PATIENCE).Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica · 2026Article
- Reduced Indocyanine Green Clearance Is Associated with Enteral Feeding Intolerance in Septic Patients Without Overt Liver Injury.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Risk factors for enteral nutrition intolerance and its impact on prognosis in patients with severe acute pancreatitis.World journal of gastrointestinal surgery · 2026Article
- Risk stratification of postoperative enteral feeding intolerance using explainable machine learning in oral cancer free flap reconstruction.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Retrospective analysis of intestinal flora alterations in adults with acute gastrointestinal injury.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Precision nutrition in critical illness: a phase-specific framework from acute feeding to post-ICU recovery.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Sepsis-associated gastrointestinal dysfunction: neuroimmune mechanisms, gut-brain axis disruption, and therapeutic potential of vagus nerve-targeted neuromodulation.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- GLP-1-gut microbiotal axis and enteral feeding intolerance in critically ill neurological patients.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundA unified clinical definition of feeding intolerance (FI) is urged for better management of enteral nutrition (EN) in critically ill patients. We aimed to identify optimum clinical FI definitions based on reported evidence.
methodsWe searched clinical studies comparing FI with non-FI with a clear definition, summarized the evidence by random-effect meta-analyses, and rated the certainty of evidence by the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation frameworks.
resultsFive thousand five hundred twenty-five records were identified, of which 26 eligible studies enrolled 25,189 adult patients. Most patient-centered outcomes were associated with FI overall. Low to very low certainty evidence established FI defined as large gastric residual volume (GRV) ≥ 250 ± 50 mL combined with any other gastrointestinal symptoms (GIS) had a significant association with high mortalities in particular all-cause hospital mortality (odds ratio [OR] 1.90, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.40-2.57), the incidence of pneumonia (OR 1.54, 95% CI 1.13-2.09) and prolonged length of hospital stay (mean difference 4.20, 95% CI 2.08-6.32), with a moderate hospital prevalence (41.49%, 95% CI 31.61-51.38%). 3-day enteral feeding (EF) delivered percentage < 80% had a moderate hospital prevalence (38.23%, 95% CI 24.88-51.58) but a marginally significant association with all-cause hospital mortality (OR 1.90, 95% CI 1.03-3.50).
conclusionsIn critically ill adult patients receiving EN, the large-GRV-centered GIS to define FI seemed to be superior to 3-day EF-insufficiency in terms of both close associations with all-cause hospital mortality and acceptable hospital prevalence (Registered PROSPERO: CRD42022326273).
trial registrationThe protocol for this review and meta-analysis was registered with PROSPERO: CRD42022326273. Registered 10 May 2022.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.