ArticleBMC public health2023
Socioeconomic and environmental factors associated with waterpipe tobacco smoking among Iranian adults: a PERSIAN cohort-based cross-sectional study.
Article in BMC public health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Explainable artificial intelligence models in predicting major cardiovascular events: insights from the PolyIran and PolyPars prospective studies.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Socioeconomic inequalities in healthcare access among patients with type 2 diabetes in Iran: a cross-sectional study.BMJ open · 2026Article
- Impact of Smoking Status on Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in STEMI Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study in Western Iran.ARYA atherosclerosis · 2026Article
- Determinants of waterpipe smoking in Iranian adults: results from the IROPICAN study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- Association Between Smoking and Lipid Profile in Men Aged 35 to 70 Years: Dose-Response Analysis.American journal of men's healthArticle
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundWaterpipe tobacco smoking (WTS) is associated with several deleterious health outcomes. We sought to estimate the prevalence of WTS and explore socioeconomic inequalities associated with this culturally-rooted tobacco smoking practice among Iranian adults.
methodsA cross-sectional analysis was conducted among 20,460 adults (ages 18 and older) enrolled in the PERSIAN cohort study during 2020. Data were collected on socioeconomic status (SES), lifestyle, alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking, and several risk factors related to non-communicable diseases. The concentration curve and relative concentration index (RCI) were administered to assess and quantify the SES-based inequality in WTS.
resultsOverall age-adjusted prevalence of past-month WTS was 5.1% (95%CI:4.6-5.8), with about 1% for women and 10.6 for men. Age-adjusted prevalence of WTS was higher among younger adults, men, cigarette smokers, obese adults, and those with higher SES. The RCI estimation showed that WTS is more popular among adults with high income and education. WTS was higher among younger adults, cigarette smokers, obese adults, and those with higher SES.
conclusionThere is a clear socioeconomic inequality in WTS, with a higher prevalence among adults with higher income and education. The findings suggest the need for targeted interventions to address this inequality and reduce the prevalence of WTS among high-income communities.
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