Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37407830›Full record

SynthesisInternational journal of obesity (2005)2023

Associations between diet composition, dietary pattern, and weight outcomes after bariatric surgery: a systematic review.

H C Cheung, E Strodl, J Musial, H L MacLaughlin, A Byrnes, C-A Lewis, L J Ross

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in International journal of obesity (2005), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Cardiometabolic Health and Bariatric Surgery: A 25-Year Longitudinal Cohort Study in CARDIA Participants.Annals of surgery open : perspectives of surgical history, education, and clinical approaches · 2025
    Article
  7. Assessment and medical management of weight regain after adolescent metabolic and bariatric surgery: a narrative review.Surgery for obesity and related diseases : official journal of the American Society for Bariatric Surgery · 2025
    Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

H C CheungQueensland University of Technology, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. h8.cheung@hdr.qut.edu.au.ORCID 0009-0007-4209-1720
E StrodlQueensland University of Technology, School of Psychology and Counselling, Faculty of Health, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-7149-6395
J MusialDepartment of Nutrition and Dietetics, Clinical Support Services, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-2086-9590
H L MacLaughlinQueensland University of Technology, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
A ByrnesNutrition Research Collaborative, Department of Dietetics and Food Service, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-4069-4724
C-A LewisNutrition Research Collaborative, Department of Dietetics and Food Service, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
L J RossQueensland University of Technology, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionLiterature describing the impact of dietary intake on weight outcomes after bariatric surgery has not been synthesized. This study aimed to synthesize the evidence regarding any association between diet composition and weight outcomes post-bariatric surgery.

methodsCINAHL, Cochrane, Embase, MEDLINE and Scopus were searched for adult studies up to June 2021 that assessed any association between dietary intakes (≥1-macronutrient, food group, or dietary pattern) and weight outcomes at 12-months or longer after bariatric surgery. Risk of bias and quality assessments were conducted using the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network checklists and the NHMRC's Level of Evidence and Grades for Recommendations. Study findings were presented according to the time of post-surgery dietary intake assessment (≤12months, between 12 and 24 months, ≥24months).

results5923 articles were identified, 260 were retrieved for full text screening, and 36 were eligible for inclusion (9 interventional including five randomized-controlled trials, and 27 observational cohort studies; sample sizes: 20-1610; total sample: 5065; follow-up periods: 1 year-12 years; level of evidence: II to IV, risk of bias: low to high). Findings on the association between long-term weight outcomes and dietary composition up to 24-months were mixed. After 24-months, studies consistently suggested no significant associations between weight loss and macronutrient composition or core food group patterns, or between carbohydrate, protein or food group patterns and weight recurrence. A single cohort study reported a weak association between diet quality score and weight-recurrence after 24-months.

conclusionThere was no strong evidence to support significant associations between diet composition and weight outcomes post-bariatric surgery. The heterogeneity in study design and quality may reduce generalizability to external populations. Individualized dietary recommendations may be useful to support long-term post-surgery weight outcomes. More studies are needed to define and measure diet quality in this patient cohort. REGISTRATION: PROSPERO (CRD42021264120).

Indexed as

Bariatric SurgeryAdultCohort StudiesDietFoodHumansNutrientsNutrients

Identifiers

PMID37407830
PMCPMC10439005

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.