ArticleIJU case reports2023
Successful treatment of immune-related cystitis with bladder hydrodistension.
Article in IJU case reports, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor-related cystitis: clinical features, diagnostic exclusion, and outcomes in one definite and seven probable cases with an updated literature review.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Case reports of immune-related cystitis and the antibody combination hypothesis.Immunotherapy · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Although immune checkpoint inhibitors offer significant therapeutic benefits to patients with advanced cancer, they can also cause a variety of immune-related adverse events. As immune checkpoint inhibitors are being widely used, rare immune-related adverse events are being reported. Case presentation: A 70-year-old man with advanced salivary duct carcinoma was treated with pembrolizumab following radiotherapy. After receiving two doses of pembrolizumab, the patient experienced symptoms such as micturition pain and hematuria. Immune-related cystitis was suspected, and the patient underwent a bladder biopsy and bladder hydrodistension. Histological analysis revealed non-neoplastic bladder mucosa with CD8-positive lymphocyte-dominant inflammatory cell infiltration, consistent with immune-related cystitis. The patient's bladder symptoms improved postoperatively without steroid administration. Conclusion: Although steroids are commonly administered to treat immune-related adverse events, bladder hydrodistension may be a promising treatment option for immune-related cystitis to avoid administration of steroids, which may impair the therapeutic effect of immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Registered trials
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