ArticleScientific reports2023
The fourth vaccination with a non-SARS-CoV-2 variant adapted vaccine fails to increase the breadth of the humoral immune response.
Article in Scientific reports, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Childhood maltreatment impacts the activity of the neural empathy but not theory of mind network: findings from a transdiagnostic sample.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Article
- Adjuvant combination and antigen multimerization shape neutralizing antibody and T cell responses to a SARS-CoV-2 RBD subunit vaccine.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Avidity maturation of humoral response following primary and booster doses of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine among nursing home residents and healthcare workers.GeroScience · 2024Article
- B-cell and antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2: infection, vaccination, and hybrid immunity.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Escape mutations in the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 are a major reason for Omicron breakthrough infections. After basal vaccination only very low titers of Omicron neutralizing antibodies are present. However, booster vaccinations induce higher titers against the Omicron variant. The neutralization of the Delta and Omicron variants by sera obtained 6 months after 3rd vaccination and 2 weeks or 6 months after 4th vaccination with a monovalent RNA vaccine (Spikevax) was analyzed. It was observed for the Omicron variant that 6 months after the fourth vaccination, the titer returns to the same very low neutralizing capacity as 6 months after the third vaccination. The Delta variant neutralizing capacity wanes with a comparable kinetic although the titers are higher as compared to the Omicron variant. This indicates that the fourth vaccination with a monovalent vaccine based on the ancestral isolate neither affects the kinetic of the waning nor the breadth of the humoral response.
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Registered trials
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