ArticleESC heart failure2023
Cardiac allograft vasculopathy diagnosed by vasodilator myocardial contrast echocardiography perfusion imaging.
Article in ESC heart failure, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.
- Invasive Coronary Physiology Assessment for Detecting Microcirculatory Dysfunction in Heart Transplant Recipients.Annals of transplantation · 2025Article
- Echocardiographic Evaluation of the Post-Heart Transplant Patient.Current cardiology reports · 2025Review
- Cardiac allograft vasculopathy diagnosed by vasodilator myocardial contrast echocardiography perfusion imaging.ESC heart failure · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) remains a common long-term complication of cardiac transplantation. While invasive coronary angiography is considered the gold standard, it is also invasive and lacks sensitivity to detect early, distal CAV. Although vasodilator stress myocardial contrast echocardiography perfusion imaging (MCE) is used in the detection of microvascular disease in non-transplant patients, there is little data guiding its use in transplant recipients. Herein is a case series of four heart transplant recipients that had vasodilator stress MCE performed in addition to invasive coronary angiography for CAV surveillance. MCE at rest and after regadenason was performed using a continuous infusion of lipid-shelled microbubbles. We describe a case of normal microvascular function, diffuse microvascular dysfunction, patchy sub-endocardial perfusion defects and a focal sub-endocardial perfusion defect. Cardiac allograft vasculopathy can be heralded by several different perfusion patterns on MCE in patients after orthotopic heart transplant. The varying prognoses and potential interventions for these different patterns require further investigation.
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