ArticleEBioMedicine2023
Sources of gut microbiota variation in a large longitudinal Finnish infant cohort.
Article in EBioMedicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Stool microbial composition is associated with recent and future diarrhea and fever events in breastfed Danish infants.mSystems · 2026Observational
- Green Stool Predominance in Babies and Subsequent Bowel Function at 1-2 Years of Age.Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 2026Article
- Bifidobacterium-driven immunoglobulin A production in pediatric patients with IgA deficiency and recurrent respiratory tract infections.Microbiome · 2026Article
- Development of the Gut Microbiota throughout the First Year of Life and Its Association with Socio-Emotional Development into Childhood.Developmental neuroscience · 2026Article
- Temporal dynamics and functional maturation of the infant gut microbiota during the first year of life.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Segmented filamentous bacteria are worldwide human gut commensals.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Tracing the early bacterial settlers in preterm and very-low birth-weight infants: first report of microbiota dynamics in South American neonates.Infection and immunity · 2026Article
- The association of maternal and infant early gut microbiota with respiratory infections in infants.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- The Microbiome-Neurodegeneration Interface: Mechanisms, Evidence, and Future Directions.Cells · 2026Review
- Associations between the infant gut microbiota and the living environment.Gut microbes reports · 2026Article
- Parity influences on the infant gut microbiome development: a longitudinal cohort study.Gut microbes · 2025Article
- Early life gut microbiome and its impact on childhood health and chronic conditions.Gut microbes · 2025Review
- Response to Zahid and Rehman.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2025Article
- Early life gut microbial and metabolic shifts reflected in stool consistency- a gut transit time proxy.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Artificial intelligence-driven multi-omics approaches in Alzheimer's disease: Progress, challenges, and future directions.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2025Review
- Infant gut microbiota and SCFAs mediate the association between early-life human milk microbiota and neurodevelopment.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2025Article
- Fecal microbiota and genetics in pediatric-onset orofacial granulomatosis and Crohn´s disease.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- A novel robust network construction and analysis workflow for mining infant microbiota relationships.mSystems · 2025Article
- Fecal Microbiome and Metabolomic Profiles of Mixed-Fed Infants Are More Similar to Formula-Fed than Breastfed Infants.Microorganisms · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAlthough the infant gut microbiota has been extensively studied, comprehensive assessment on the microbiota determinants including technical variables has not been performed in large infant cohorts.
methodsWe studied the effect of 109 variables on the 16S rRNA gene amplicon-based gut microbiota profiles of infants sampled longitudinally from three weeks to two years of life in the Finnish HELMi birth cohort. Spot faecal samples from both parents were included for intra-family analyses, totalling to 7657 samples from 985 families that were evaluated for beta-diversity patterns using permutational multivariate analysis on Bray-Curtis distances, and differential abundance testing and alpha-diversity for variables of interest. We also assessed the effect of different taxonomic levels and distance methods.
findingsIn time point-specific models, the largest share of variation explained, up to 2-6%, were seen in decreasing order for the DNA extraction batch, delivery mode and related perinatal exposures, defecation frequency and parity/siblings. Variables describing the infant gastrointestinal function were continuously important during the first two years, reflecting changes in e.g., feeding habits. The effect of parity/siblings on infant microbiota was modified by birth mode and exposure to intrapartum antibiotics, exemplifying the tight interlinkage of perinatal factors relevant for infant microbiota research. In total, up to 19% of the biological microbiota variation in the infant gut could be explained. Our results highlight the need to interpret variance partitioning results in the context of each cohort's characteristics and microbiota processing.
interpretationOur study provides a comprehensive report of key factors associated with infant gut microbiota composition across the two first years of life in a homogenous cohort. The study highlights possible important future research areas and confounding factors to be considered.
fundingThis research was supported by Business Finland, Academy of Finland, Foundation for Nutrition Research and the Doctoral Program in Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Finland.
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