Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37399390›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2023

Phase variation as a major mechanism of adaptation in

Roger Vargas, Michael J Luna, Luca Freschi, Maximillian Marin, Ruby Froom, Kenan C Murphy, Elizabeth A Campbell, Thomas R Ioerger, Christopher M Sassetti, Maha Reda Farhat

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
29citing papers in PubMed
7.5field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

29 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Journal of bacteriology · 2026
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Gene conversion is a key driver of diversity hotspots inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Phase variation inMicrobiology spectrum · 2025
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Roger VargasCenter for Computational Biomedicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.ORCID 0000-0002-7116-5211
Michael J LunaDepartment of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655.
Luca FreschiDepartment of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.
Maximillian MarinDepartment of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.ORCID 0000-0002-9108-3328
Ruby FroomLaboratory of Molecular Biophysics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065.
Kenan C MurphyDepartment of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655.ORCID 0000-0002-3677-2876
Elizabeth A CampbellLaboratory of Molecular Biophysics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065.
Thomas R IoergerDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843.
Christopher M SassettiDepartment of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655.ORCID 0000-0001-6178-4329
Maha Reda FarhatDepartment of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.ORCID 0000-0002-3871-5760
Harvard University · USUniversity of Massachusetts Chan Medical School · USRockefeller University · USTexas A&M University · US

Funding

Systems Biology CoreU19AI162598 · NIAID · RUTGERS BIOMEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES · PI RUSSELL, DAVID G · 2021 to 2025
$13.9M
TRAINING IN IMMUNOLOGY (COMPETITIVE RENEWAL OF AI07439)T32AI007349 · NIAID · UNIV OF MASSACHUSETTS MED SCH WORCESTER · PI STERN, LAWRENCE J. · 1989 to 2024
$4.5M
Structure/function analyses of essential mycobacterial transcription regulatorsR01GM114450 · NIGMS · ROCKEFELLER UNIVERSITY · PI CAMPBELL, ELIZABETH A · 2015 to 2023
$3.4M
Microarray Expression Analysis of Burkholderia MalleiR01AI050565 · NIAID · INSTITUTE FOR GENOMIC RESEARCH · PI NIERMAN, WILLIAM CHARLES · 2001 to 2003
$877k
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI050565NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI007349NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI162598NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM114450
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Phase variation induced by insertions and deletions (INDELs) in genomic homopolymeric tracts (HT) can silence and regulate genes in pathogenic bacteria, but this process is not characterized in MTBC (

Indexed as

Mycobacterium tuberculosisAdaptation, PhysiologicalGenome, BacterialGenomicsPhase VariationPhylogenyVirulencegenomicsmicrobiologyphase variationtuberculosis

Identifiers

PMID37399390
PMCPMC10334774
OpenAlexW4382932063

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.