ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2023
ChatGPT, GPT-4, and Other Large Language Models: The Next Revolution for Clinical Microbiology?
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Large Language Models for Mental Health Applications: Systematic Review.JMIR mental health · 2024Pooled it
- Internet-based Surveillance Systems and Infectious Diseases Prediction: An Updated Review of the Last 10 Years and Lessons from the COVID-19 Pandemic.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2024Pooled it
- A custom GPT-based model for the automated analysis and interpretation of antimicrobial susceptibility tests in Gram-negative bacteria.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2026Article
- From Gram Stain to Decision Support: Performance of Multimodal Large Language Models in Blood Culture Microscopy.Journal of imaging informatics in medicine · 2026Article
- Gender-Attributed Persona Prompts and the Diagnostic Accuracy of Proprietary and Open-Weight Large Language Models in Chagas Disease and Visceral Leishmaniasis: A Paired Experimental Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Medical software for precision diagnostics of infection with immunoprofiling and artificial intelligence.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Diagnostic interpretation of pure tone audiograms by multimodal LLMs: A comparative study of ChatGPT-5.0 and Gemini 2.5.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2026Article
- Accuracy, Reliability, and Bloom's Taxonomy Performance of Seven Large Language Models on Microbiology Questions.Advances in medical education and practice · 2026Article
- Uncloaking the black-box: the need for explainable artificial intelligence in clinical microbiology and infectious diseases applications.Frontiers in public health · 2026Review
- OSCEai: personalized interactive learning for undergraduate medical education.Canadian medical education journal · 2025Article
- Pre-trained ChatGPT for report generation in automated microbial identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing systems.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Evaluating chat generative pretrained transformer in answering questions on endoscopic mucosal resection and endoscopic submucosal dissection.World journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2025Article
- A large language model digital patient system enhances ophthalmology history taking skills.NPJ digital medicine · 2025Article
- Identification and validation of an explainable early-stage chronic kidney disease prediction model: a multicenter retrospective study.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Article
- Comprehensiveness of Large Language Models in Patient Queries on Gingival and Endodontic Health.International dental journal · 2025Article
- Quantum leap in medical mentorship: exploring ChatGPT's transition from textbooks to terabytes.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
- Comparative Analysis of Generative Pre-Trained Transformer Models in Oncogene-Driven Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Introducing the Generative Artificial Intelligence Performance Score.JCO clinical cancer informatics · 2024Article
- GPT-4-based AI agents-the new expert system for detection of antimicrobial resistance mechanisms?Journal of clinical microbiology · 2024Article
- GPT-4 as a Source of Patient Information for Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: A Comparative Analysis Against Google Web Search.Global spine journal · 2024Review
- The utility of ChatGPT as a generative medical translator.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
ChatGPT, GPT-4, and Bard are highly advanced natural language process-based computer programs (chatbots) that simulate and process human conversation in written or spoken form. Recently released by the company OpenAI, ChatGPT was trained on billions of unknown text elements (tokens) and rapidly gained wide attention for its ability to respond to questions in an articulate manner across a wide range of knowledge domains. These potentially disruptive large language model (LLM) technologies have a broad range of conceivable applications in medicine and medical microbiology. In this opinion article, I describe how chatbot technologies work and discuss the strengths and weaknesses of ChatGPT, GPT-4, and other LLMs for applications in the routine diagnostic laboratory, focusing on various use cases for the pre- to post-analytical process.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.