ArticleBMC emergency medicine2023
Behavioural observation tool for patient involvement and collaboration in emergency care teams (PIC-ET-tool).
Article in BMC emergency medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review of observational coding systems to assess patient-healthcare professional interactions.Patient education and counseling · 2025Pooled it
- 'We feel abandoned out here': teamwork dilemmas among rural health professionals in distributed emergency settings.Scandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine · 2026Article
- Psychometric characteristics of the Chinese version of the patient participation scale.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Teamwork in Rural Emergency Health Care: A Simulation-Based Cross-over Study of Co-located and Distributed Teams.Simulation in healthcare : journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare · 2025Article
- Challenges in the Literature Around Context-Sensitive Implementation of Shared Decision Making in Emergency Medicine: A Scoping Review.Open access emergency medicine : OAEM · 2025Review
- Exploring differences in patient participation in simulated emergency cases in co-located and distributed rural emergency teams - an observational study with a randomized cross-over design.BMC emergency medicine · 2024Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPatient participation is advocated in various healthcare settings. Instruments for assessment and feedback have been developed to strengthen clinician-patient interaction. In an emergency department context, such instruments are still missing. The study aimed to develop and test an observation tool for emergency teams' behaviour regarding patient involvement and collaboration.
methodsThe development of the behavioural observation tool followed a systematic approach. The tool's content was based on various data sources, i.e., published literature, interview and observational data, and expert consensus. An international expert panel reviewed the content and the rating scale and rated its importance for patient involvement and collaboration in a Delphi process. The feasibility and reliability of the tool were tested by trained observers using video recordings of simulated emergencies. Intraclass correlation (ICC) and Kappa-statistics were performed to test the tool's inter-rater reliability.
resultsThe PIC-ET tool, a 22-item observation instrument was developed in which patient involvement and collaboration behaviours are rated from 'no' to 'high' using behavioural anchors. Expert agreement was obtained after three Delphi rounds on the tool content, the behavioural anchors and its importance for patient involvement and collaboration. The content validity was assessed as high, and the tool was found feasible for research. Overall inter-rater reliability was fair (Kappa 0.52).
conclusionsA novel tool for assessing emergency teams' behaviour regarding patient involvement and collaboration is introduced. The tool's psychometric properties were fair to good. Further validation of the PIC-ET tool is recommended for more robust evidence. Future adaptation to different contexts and areas of use, as well as further validity testing may be of value.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.