ArticleInternational journal of antimicrobial agents2023
Lopinavir and ritonavir act synergistically with azoles against Candida auris in vitro and in a mouse model of disseminated candidiasis.
Article in International journal of antimicrobial agents, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- The urgent and challenging superbug fungus Candidozyma auris (formerly Candida auris): a comprehensive review.Antonie van Leeuwenhoek · 2026Review
- Synergistic antifungal activity of antiretrovirals with amphotericin B against Aspergillus species.PloS one · 2026Article
- Evaluation of the Synergistic Activity of Anidulafungin with Isavuconazole, Voriconazole, Posaconazole, and Amphotericin B inInfection and drug resistance · 2026Article
- Repurposing antiviral agents against mucormycosis.PloS one · 2026Article
- Co-Treatment with Ritonavir or Sertraline Enhances Itraconazole Efficacy Against Azole-ResistantJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Article
- Innovative antifungal strategies to combat drug-resistantFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- Lansoprazole interferes with fungal respiration and acts synergistically with amphotericin B against multidrug-resistantEmerging microbes & infections · 2024Article
- Overcoming amphotericin B resistance inAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2024Article
- Azole Combinations and Multi-Targeting Drugs That Synergistically InhibitJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Current Perspectives of Antifungal Therapy: A Special Focus onJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Enhanced antifungal activity of posaconazole against Candida auris by HIV protease inhibitors, atazanavir and saquinavir.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Synergistic potential of lopinavir and azole combinational therapy against clinically important Aspergillus species.PloS one · 2024Article
- Novel combinatorial approach: Harnessing HIV protease inhibitors to enhance amphotericin B's antifungal efficacy in cryptococcosis.PloS one · 2024Article
- Exploring synergy between azole antifungal drugs and statins for Candida auris.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND
objectivesThe emergence of Candida auris has created a global health challenge. Azole antifungals are the most affected antifungal class because of the extraordinary capability of C. auris to develop resistance against these drugs. Here, we used a combinatorial therapeutic approach to sensitize C. auris to azole antifungals. METHODS AND
resultsWe have demonstrated the capability of the HIV protease inhibitors lopinavir and ritonavir, at clinically relevant concentrations, to be used with azole antifungals to treat C. auris infections both in vitro and in vivo. Both lopinavir and ritonavir exhibited potent synergistic interactions with the azole antifungals, particularly with itraconazole against 24/24 (100%) and 31/34 (91%) of tested C. auris isolates, respectively. Furthermore, ritonavir significantly interfered with the fungal efflux pump, resulting in a significant increase in Nile red fluorescence by 44%. In a mouse model of C. auris systemic infection, ritonavir boosted the activity of lopinavir to work synergistically with fluconazole and itraconazole and significantly reduced the kidney fungal burden by a 1.2 log (∼94%) and 1.6 log (∼97%) CFU, respectively.
conclusionOur results urge further comprehensive assessment of azoles and HIV protease inhibitors as a novel drug regimen for the treatment of serious invasive C. auris infections.
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