Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37386414›Full record

ArticleBMC cardiovascular disorders2023

Sex differences in cardiac rehabilitation barriers among non-enrollees in the context of lower gender equality: a cross-sectional study.

Mahdieh Ghanbari Firoozabadi, Masoud Mirzaei, Sherry L Grace, Mohammadreza Vafaeinasab, Maryam Dehghani-Tafti, Abbas Sadeghi, Zohre Asadi, Mohammad Hasan Basirinezhad

Erratum issuedOpen access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC cardiovascular disorders, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
3.1field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Observational
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Gender differences in cardiac rehabilitation participation and outcomes: an 18-year retrospective study in Iran.The Egyptian heart journal : (EHJ) : official bulletin of the Egyptian Society of Cardiology · 2024
    Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Mahdieh Ghanbari FiroozabadiYazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Non-communicable Diseases Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Masoud MirzaeiYazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Non-communicable Diseases Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Sherry L GraceFaculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Mohammadreza VafaeinasabYazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Non-communicable Diseases Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. vafaeinasab.mr@gmail.com.
Maryam Dehghani-TaftiYazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Non-communicable Diseases Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Abbas SadeghiYazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Non-communicable Diseases Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Zohre AsadiYazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Non-communicable Diseases Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Mohammad Hasan BasirinezhadDepartment of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science, Yazd, Iran.
Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services · IRToronto Rehabilitation Institute · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDespite the benefits of cardiac rehabilitation (CR), it remains under-utilized, particularly by women. This study compared CR barriers between non-enrolling men and women in Iran, which has among the lowest gender equality globally.

methodsIn this cross-sectional study, CR barriers were assessed via phone interview in phase II non-attenders from March 2017 to February 2018 with the Persian version of the Cardiac Rehabilitation Barriers Scale (CRBS-P). T-tests were used to compare scores, with each of 18 barriers scored out of 5, between men and women.

results357 (33.9%) of the sample of 1053 were women, and they were older, less educated and less often employed than men. Total mean CRBS scores were significantly greater in women (2.37 ± 0.37) than men (2.29 ± 0.35; effect size[ES] = 0.08, confidence interval[CI]: 0.03-0.13; p < 0.001). The top CR barriers among women were cost (3.35; ES = 0.40, CI:0.23-0.56; P < 0.001), transportation problems (3.24; ES = 0.41, CI:0.25-0.58; P < 0.001), distance (3.21; ES = 0.31, CI:0.15-0.48; P < 0.001), comorbidities (2.97; ES = 0.49, CI:0.34-0.64; P < 0.001), low energy (2.41; ES = 0.29, CI:0.18-0.41; P < 0.001), finding exercise as tiring or painful (2.22; ES = 0.11, CI:0.02-0.21; P = 0.018), and older age (2.27; ES = 0.18, CI:0.07-0.28; P = 0.001). Men rated "already exercise at home or in community" (2.69; ES = 0.23, CI:0.1-0.36; P = 0.001), time constraints (2.18; ES = 0.15, CI:0.07-0.23; P < 0.001) and work responsibilities (2.24; ES = 0.16, CI:0.07-0.25; P = 0.001) as greater CR barriers than women.

conclusionWomen had greater barriers to CR participation than men. CR programs should be modified to address women's needs. Home-based CR tailored to women's exercise needs and preferences should be considered.

Indexed as

Cardiac RehabilitationSex CharacteristicsCross-Sectional StudiesExerciseFemaleGender EquityHumansMaleAccess to careCardiac rehabilitationIschemic heart diseaseSex differences

Identifiers

PMID37386414
PMCPMC10311813
OpenAlexW4382631604

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.