ArticleNature human behaviour2023
Patterns of item nonresponse behaviour to survey questionnaires are systematic and associated with genetic loci.
Article in Nature human behaviour, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Integrating social determinants of health and genetic risk in disease risk models.American journal of human genetics · 2026Article
- Challenges and future directions for Mendelian randomization.Nature genetics · 2026Review
- The predicament of heritable confounders.Nature genetics · 2026Review
- Unwilling to Disclose: Privacy and Pregnancy in Post-Public opinion quarterly · 2026Article
- Disentangling the Causal Effects of Education and Participation Bias on Alzheimer Disease Using Mendelian Randomization.Neurology. Genetics · 2025Article
- The Role of SLC39A8.p.(Ala391Thr) in Schizophrenia Symptom Severity and Cognitive Ability: Cross-Sectional Studies of Schizophrenia and the General UK Population.American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics : the official publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics · 2025Article
- A Scalable Framework to Integrate Social Determinants of Health into Disease Risk Models using Biobank Survey Data.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Assessment and ascertainment in psychiatric molecular genetics: challenges and opportunities for cross-disorder research.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Review
- Biobanking with genetics shapes precision medicine and global health.Nature reviews. Genetics · 2025Review
- Pervasive biases in proxy genome-wide association studies based on parental history of Alzheimer's disease.Nature genetics · 2024Article
- Screening embryos for polygenic disease risk: a review of epidemiological, clinical, and ethical considerations.Human reproduction update · 2024Review
- SLC39A8.p.(Ala391Thr) is associated with poorer cognitive ability: a cross-sectional study of schizophrenia and the general UK population.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- Principled distillation of UK Biobank phenotype data reveals underlying structure in human variation.Nature human behaviour · 2024Article
- Many roads to a gene-environment interaction.American journal of human genetics · 2024Review
- The effects of genetic and modifiable risk factors on brain regions vulnerable to ageing and disease.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Association between genetic risk and adherence to healthy lifestyle for developing age-related hearing loss.BMC medicine · 2024Article
- Pervasive biases in proxy GWAS based on parental history of Alzheimer's disease.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Mobile fNIRS for exploring inter-brain synchrony across generations and time.Frontiers in neuroergonomics · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 6 institutions in 7 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Response to survey questionnaires is vital for social and behavioural research, and most analyses assume full and accurate response by participants. However, nonresponse is common and impedes proper interpretation and generalizability of results. We examined item nonresponse behaviour across 109 questionnaire items in the UK Biobank (N = 360,628). Phenotypic factor scores for two participant-selected nonresponse answers, 'Prefer not to answer' (PNA) and 'I don't know' (IDK), each predicted participant nonresponse in follow-up surveys (incremental pseudo-R
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.