ArticleScientific reports2023
Skin cancer risk of menopausal hormone therapy in a Korean cohort.
Article in Scientific reports, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Unraveling the controversy: exploring the link between sex hormones and skin cancers through a meta-analysis and systematic review.Archives of dermatological research · 2025Pooled it
- The influence of menopause age on gynecologic cancer risk: a comprehensive analysis using NHANES data.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Conflicting studies exist on the association between menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) and skin cancers, such as melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC). This retrospective cohort study aimed to evaluate the risk of skin cancer from MHT using data from 2002 to 2019 from the National Health Insurance Service in South Korea. We included 192,202 patients with MHT and 494,343 healthy controls. Women > 40 years who had menopause between 2002 and 2011 were included. Patients with MHT had at least one MHT for at least 6 months and healthy controls had never been prescribed MHT agents. We measured the incidence of melanoma and NMSC. Melanoma developed in 70 (0.03%) patients with MHT and 249 (0.05%) controls, while the incidence of NMSC was 417 (0.22%) in the MHT group and 1680 (0.34%) in the controls. Tibolone (hazard ratio [HR] 0.812, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.694-0.949) and combined oestrogen plus progestin by the manufacturer (COPM; HR 0.777, 95% CI 0.63-0.962) lowered the risk of NMSC, while other hormone groups did not change the risk. Overall, MHT was not associated with melanoma incidence in menopausal Korean women. Instead, tibolone and COPM were associated with a decrease in NMSC occurrence.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.