ArticleFrontiers in neuroscience2023
The effect of combining action observation in virtual reality with kinesthetic motor imagery on cortical activity.
Article in Frontiers in neuroscience, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Combined action observation and motor imagery practice for upper limb recovery following stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Continual-Learning-Enhanced CNN-Transformer Framework for Real-Time Motor-Imagery BCI in Virtual Environments.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Exploring the Effectiveness of Immersive Virtual Reality Rehabilitation for Parkinson's Disease: A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Article
- Impact of an upper limb motion-driven virtual rehabilitation system on residual motor function in patients with complete spinal cord injury： a pilot study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2025Article
- Vivid illusions and realtime feedback in VR-improved motor imagery and motivation of stroke patients with impaired motor imagery.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Neural signatures of motor imagery for a supernumerary thumb in VR: an EEG analysis.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Spatial Visual Imagery (SVI)-Based Electroencephalograph Discrimination for Natural CAD Manipulation.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Leveraging deep learning for robust EEG analysis in mental health monitoring.Frontiers in neuroinformatics · 2024Article
- Variation in brain connectivity during motor imagery and motor execution in stroke patients based on electroencephalography.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Article
- Real-Time Classification of Motor Imagery Using Dynamic Window-Level Granger Causality Analysis of fMRI Data.Brain sciences · 2023Article
- Inter-task transfer of force gains is facilitated by motor imagery.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- The challenge of measuring physiological parameters during motor imagery engagement in patients after a stroke.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- Investigating the influence of functional electrical stimulation on motor imagery related μ-rhythm suppression.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- Community mobility and participation assessment of manual wheelchair users: a review of current techniques and challenges.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2023Review
- Feasibility and usability of a virtual-reality-based sensorimotor activation apparatus for carpal tunnel syndrome patients.PloS one · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: In the past, various techniques have been used to improve motor imagery (MI), such as immersive virtual-reality (VR) and kinesthetic rehearsal. While electroencephalography (EEG) has been used to study the differences in brain activity between VR-based action observation and kinesthetic motor imagery (KMI), there has been no investigation into their combined effect. Prior research has demonstrated that VR-based action observation can enhance MI by providing both visual information and embodiment, which is the perception of oneself as part of the observed entity. Additionally, KMI has been found to produce similar brain activity to physically performing a task. Therefore, we hypothesized that utilizing VR to offer an immersive visual scenario for action observation while participants performed kinesthetic motor imagery would significantly improve cortical activity related to MI. Methods: In this study, 15 participants (9 male, 6 female) performed kinesthetic motor imagery of three hand tasks (drinking, wrist flexion-extension, and grabbing) both with and without VR-based action observation. Results: Our results indicate that combining VR-based action observation with KMI enhances brain rhythmic patterns and provides better task differentiation compared to KMI without action observation. Discussion: These findings suggest that using VR-based action observation alongside kinesthetic motor imagery can improve motor imagery performance.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.