ReviewPhysiological reviews2023
Mechanisms of mechanical overload-induced skeletal muscle hypertrophy: current understanding and future directions.
Review in Physiological reviews, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 121 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
121 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 176 citations in OpenAlex.
- Acute and Chronic Effects of Drop-Set Training: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review.Sports medicine - open · 2026Pooled it
- The Effect of Carbohydrate Intake on Muscle Hypertrophy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Pooled it
- Age-related anabolic resistance and post-absorptive muscle protein synthesis: integrative evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Pooled it
- Creatine supplementation in young men under resistance versus non-resistance training: a systematic review and meta-analysis of strength, performance, and lean mass.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- Influence of Resistance Training Variables to Improve Muscle Mass Outcomes in Sarcopenia: A Systematic Review With Meta-Regressions.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of multi-ingredient protein supplementation combined with exercise intervention on body composition and muscle fitness in healthy women: a systematic review with multilevel meta-analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of upper extremity blood flow restriction training on muscle strength and hypertrophy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in physiology · 2024Pooled it
- Effects of Modest Carbohydrate-Energy Supplementation on Resistance Training Adaptations in Trained Men: A Crossover Trial.Nutrients · 2026Trial
- Partial Range, Full Gains? The Effect of 8 Weeks of Partial Range of Motion Training at Long Muscle Lengths on Elbow Flexor Hypertrophy and Strength in Trained Individuals.European journal of sport science · 2025Trial
- Individual muscle hypertrophy response is affected by the overload progression model and is associated with changes in satellite cell content.European journal of applied physiology · 2025Trial
- Effects of 8-week complex and resistance training on strength and power in adolescent long jumpers.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Endocrine responses to low-load blood flow restricted and high-load resistance exercise in well-trained males.Physiological reports · 2025Trial
- A single, maximal dose of celecoxib, ibuprofen, or flurbiprofen does not reduce the muscle signalling response to plyometric exercise in young healthy adults.European journal of applied physiology · 2024Trial
- The effect of low-intensity suspension training with blood flow restriction on GH, IGF-1, and their association with physical fitness in young women.Physiological reports · 2024Trial
- High-load resistance training and FSHD: harmful mixture or a silver bullet combination?Journal of neurology · 2026Review
- Sparing Muscle While Losing Fat: A Narrative Review of Ketogenic Diets and Lean Mass Preservation During Weight Loss.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Isometric training at longer muscle-tendon complex lengths: A potential countermeasure to impaired neuro-muscle-tendon function during space travel.Experimental physiology · 2026Review
- The hallmarks of skeletal muscle health.Nature metabolism · 2026Review
- Resistance-exercise-induced stress intervenes in TGF-β signaling by cooperatively downregulating nuclear αB-crystallin and SMAD4 in human skeletal muscle fibers.The FEBS journal · 2026Article
- Mechanochemical modeling of exercise-induced skeletal muscle hypertrophy.PLoS computational biology · 2026Article
61 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 13 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Mechanisms underlying mechanical overload-induced skeletal muscle hypertrophy have been extensively researched since the landmark report by Morpurgo (1897) of "work-induced hypertrophy" in dogs that were treadmill trained. Much of the preclinical rodent and human resistance training research to date supports that involved mechanisms include enhanced mammalian/mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling, an expansion in translational capacity through ribosome biogenesis, increased satellite cell abundance and myonuclear accretion, and postexercise elevations in muscle protein synthesis rates. However, several lines of past and emerging evidence suggest that additional mechanisms that feed into or are independent of these processes are also involved. This review first provides a historical account of how mechanistic research into skeletal muscle hypertrophy has progressed. A comprehensive list of mechanisms associated with skeletal muscle hypertrophy is then outlined, and areas of disagreement involving these mechanisms are presented. Finally, future research directions involving many of the discussed mechanisms are proposed.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.