ArticleJournal of the National Cancer Institute2023
Obesity and prostate cancer screening, incidence, and mortality in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial.
Article in Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Weight trajectories throughout adulthood and prostate cancer incidence, aggressiveness, and death in 258 494 men.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2026Article
- Validation and context-dependent effects of a prostate cancer polygenic risk score in the All of Us Research Program.American journal of human genetics · 2026Article
- New Users of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors Are at Low Risk of Prostate Cancer: A Nationwide Cohort Study.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2026Article
- Associations between metabolic obesity phenotypes and prostate cancer in the U.S. population: a cross-sectional study.Translational andrology and urology · 2025Article
- Validation and context-dependent effects of a prostate cancer polygenic risk score in the All of Us Research Program.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Exploring the role of hemodilution in the inverse association between obesity and testosterone concentrations in men.Hormones (Athens, Greece) · 2025Article
- Use of a BMI-independent biomarker-based prostate cancer risk score to identify and triage individuals at risk of prostate disease.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Targeting obesity, metabolic syndrome, and prostate cancer: GLP-1 agonists as emerging therapeutic agents.Discover oncology · 2025Review
- High body mass index increases the risk for prostate cancer and high Gleason score in northern Tanzania: data from prostate cancer screening.Ecancermedicalscience · 2025Article
- Post-Metastasis Survival of Patients with High-Risk Localized and Locally Advanced Prostate Cancer Undergoing Primary Treatment in the United States: A Retrospective Study.Targeted oncology · 2025Article
- Exploration of social determinants of health and prostate cancer prevalence in the US: a cross-sectional study of NHANES data from 2003 to 2010.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Obesity and cancer: unravelling the microbiome's hidden role.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Review
- Review
- General Obesity and Prostate Cancer in Relation to Abdominal Obesity and Ethnic Groups: A US Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study.Research and reports in urology · 2024Article
- Association between metabolic obesity phenotypes and the risk of developing prostate cancer: a propensity score matching study based on Xinjiang.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- The growing implications of obesity for prostate cancer risk and mortality: where do we go from here?Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2023Article
- Exploring the role of the inflammasomes on prostate cancer: Interplay with obesity.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2023Review
- Identifying proteomic risk factors for overall, aggressive and early onset prostate cancer using Mendelian randomization and tumor spatial transcriptomics.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThough obesity, measured by body mass index (BMI), is an established risk factor for several cancer sites, there is conflicting evidence on whether obesity increases prostate cancer risk or mortality and, if it does, whether it increases risk directly or indirectly by affecting prostate cancer screening efficacy.
methodsWe examined associations between BMI and prostate cancer screening outcomes, incidence, and mortality in men randomly assigned to the intervention arm of the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial (n = 36 756) between 1993 and 2001. Participants received annual screening with the prostate-specific antigen test and digital rectal exam. Associations between baseline BMI and screening outcomes were assessed via multinomial logistic regression, and associations with prostate cancer incidence and mortality were assessed via Cox proportional hazards regression.
resultsIndividuals with higher BMI were less likely to screen positive via the prostate-specific antigen test and/or digital rectal exam and more likely to have an inadequate screen (all Ptrend < .01). Higher BMI was inversely associated with prostate cancer incidence (per 5 kg/m2 BMI increase: hazard ratio [HR] = 0.94, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.91 to 0.97), including incidence of early stage (HR = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.90 to 0.97) and advanced-stage (HR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.82 to 1.02) disease, but positively associated with prostate cancer mortality (HR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.06 to 1.37). The association with mortality was not modified by screening outcome (Pinteraction = .13).
conclusionsWithin this screened population, individuals with higher BMI had lower risk of prostate cancer diagnosis but higher risk of prostate cancer mortality. As higher BMI was not positively associated with advanced-stage prostate cancer risk, the increased mortality is unlikely to be due to delayed prostate cancer detection.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.