ArticleCell2023
cGLRs are a diverse family of pattern recognition receptors in innate immunity.
Article in Cell, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers.
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Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 100 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Purine and pyrimidine-based bacterial cyclic dinucleotides egress the phagosome and activate the innate immune sensor STING.Immunity · 2026Article
- Duck plague virus US2 promotes p62-mediated autophagic degradation of RIG-I to suppress antiviral signaling.Poultry science · 2026Article
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- Cell-autonomous immunity as an integrated immune network against bacterial and viral pathogens.Nature microbiology · 2026Review
- Is a Commensal Here, a Pathogen There? Genotype Specific Responses by the Sea Anemone Nematostella vectensis to Vibrio Species.Molecular ecology · 2026Article
- Methylation of DNA duplexes regulates cGAS-mediated innate immune activationRSC chemical biology · 2026Article
- Alternative splicing broadens antiviral diversity at the human OAS2 locus.The EMBO journal · 2026Article
- Structural genomics sheds light on protein functions and remote homologs across the insect tree of life.Cell research · 2026Article
- Targeting cGAS-STING signaling to overcome antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections: Challenges and opportunities.Science advances · 2026Review
- Functional characterization of specialized immune cells in a cnidarian reveals an ancestral antiviral program.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Targeting phase separation: a new strategy to disrupt the stromal-immune axis in colorectal cancer.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Review
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- Unique Transcriptional Responses by the Sea Anemone Nematostella vectensis to Individual Bacteria: Roles for Bacterial Species, Secreted Products and the Microbiome.Molecular ecology · 2026Article
- Monkeypox virus protein OPG188 antagonizes cGAS-STING antiviral signaling pathway to mediate immune evasion.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- CBASS limits bacteriophage production while maintaining cell viability inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Diversity and evolution of archaeal immune strategies.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Crustacean Mab21 proteins drive tissue-specific antiviral immunity by activating IKKε outside the canonical nucleic-acid sensing paradigm.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 8 institutions in 4 countries.
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Abstract
Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) is an enzyme in human cells that controls an immune response to cytosolic DNA. Upon binding DNA, cGAS synthesizes a nucleotide signal 2'3'-cGAMP that activates STING-dependent downstream immunity. Here, we discover that cGAS-like receptors (cGLRs) constitute a major family of pattern recognition receptors in innate immunity. Building on recent analysis in Drosophila, we identify >3,000 cGLRs present in nearly all metazoan phyla. A forward biochemical screening of 150 animal cGLRs reveals a conserved mechanism of signaling including response to dsDNA and dsRNA ligands and synthesis of isomers of the nucleotide signals cGAMP, c-UMP-AMP, and c-di-AMP. Combining structural biology and in vivo analysis in coral and oyster animals, we explain how synthesis of distinct nucleotide signals enables cells to control discrete cGLR-STING signaling pathways. Our results reveal cGLRs as a widespread family of pattern recognition receptors and establish molecular rules that govern nucleotide signaling in animal immunity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.