ArticleSleep2023
Insights into vascular physiology from sleep photoplethysmography.
Article in Sleep, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comprehensive Analysis of Machine Learning Models for Five-Class Sleep Stage Classification Using PPG Signals.Research square · 2026Article
- Vascular age estimation using a consumer wearable sleep tracker.PLOS digital health · 2026Article
- Clinical Validation of Artificial Intelligence Algorithms for the Diagnosis of Adult Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Sleep Staging From Oximetry and Photoplethysmography-SleepAI.Journal of sleep research · 2026Article
- A bibliometric analysis of wearable device research in sleep science: Trends and hotspots.Medicine · 2025Review
- A Dual-Modal Wearable Pulse Detection System Integrated with Deep Learning for High-Accuracy and Low-Power Sleep Apnea Monitoring.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Deriving Accurate Nocturnal Heart Rate, rMSSD and Frequency HRV from the Oura Ring.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Remote Monitoring of Sympathovagal Imbalance During Sleep and Its Implications in Cardiovascular Risk Assessment: A Systematic Review.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Nocturnal Blood Pressure Estimation from Sleep Plethysmography Using Machine Learning.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
STUDY
objectivesPhotoplethysmography (PPG) in consumer sleep trackers is now widely available and used to assess heart rate variability (HRV) for sleep staging. However, PPG waveform changes during sleep can also inform about vascular elasticity in healthy persons who constitute a majority of users. To assess its potential value, we traced the evolution of PPG pulse waveform during sleep alongside measurements of HRV and blood pressure (BP).
methodsSeventy-eight healthy adults (50% male, median [IQR range] age: 29.5 [23.0, 43.8]) underwent overnight polysomnography (PSG) with fingertip PPG, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, and electrocardiography (ECG). Selected PPG features that reflect arterial stiffness: systolic to diastolic distance (∆T_norm), normalized rising slope (Rslope) and normalized reflection index (RI) were derived using a custom-built algorithm. Pulse arrival time (PAT) was calculated using ECG and PPG signals. The effect of sleep stage on these measures of arterial elasticity and how this pattern of sleep stage evolution differed with participant age were investigated.
resultsBP, heart rate (HR) and PAT were reduced with deeper non-REM sleep but these changes were unaffected by the age range tested. After adjusting for lowered HR, ∆T_norm, Rslope, and RI showed significant effects of sleep stage, whereby deeper sleep was associated with lower arterial stiffness. Age was significantly correlated with the amount of sleep-related change in ∆T_norm, Rslope, and RI, and remained a significant predictor of RI after adjustment for sex, body mass index, office BP, and sleep efficiency.
conclusionsThe current findings indicate that the magnitude of sleep-related change in PPG waveform can provide useful information about vascular elasticity and age effects on this in healthy adults.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.