SynthesisPloS one2023
Outcomes and clinical implications of intranasal insulin on cognition in humans: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06391853 (Investigating Brain Insulin Resistance in Alzheimer Disease with Intra-Nasal Insulin Administration), which is not on this map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Investigating Brain Insulin Resistance in Alzheimer Disease with Intra-Nasal Insulin Administration: a Multimodal Neuroimaging Study
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Current progress in pathway-targeted therapeutics for Alzheimer's disease: mechanistic insights and windows of opportunity.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2026Review
- Incretin-Based Therapies in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disease: Advancing Neuroprotection With Dual and Triple Agonists-A Review.Health science reports · 2025Article
- Novel Insights into the Mechanism and Treatment of Diabetes-Related Brain Complications: Focusing on the Blood-Brain Barrier Impairment.Aging and disease · 2025Review
- Intranasal Insulin Increases Brain Glutathione and Enhances Antioxidant Capacity in Healthy Participants but Not in Those With Early Psychotic Disorders.Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging · 2025Article
- Role of Peripheral and Central Insulin Resistance in Neuropsychiatric Disorders.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine in elderly diabetes mellitus and a systematic review of its clinical application.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAberrant brain insulin signaling has been posited to lie at the crossroads of several metabolic and cognitive disorders. Intranasal insulin (INI) is a non-invasive approach that allows investigation and modulation of insulin signaling in the brain while limiting peripheral side effects.
objectivesThe objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate the effects of INI on cognition in diverse patient populations and healthy individuals.
methodsMEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and Cochrane CENTRAL were systematically searched from 2000 to July 2021. Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials that studied the effects of INI on cognition. Two independent reviewers determined study eligibility and extracted relevant descriptive and outcome data.
resultsTwenty-nine studies (pooled N = 1,726) in healthy individuals as well as those with Alzheimer's disease (AD)/mild cognitive impairment (MCI), mental health disorders, metabolic disorders, among others, were included in the quantitative meta-analysis. Patients with AD/MCI treated with INI were more likely to show an improvement in global cognition (SMD = 0.22, 95% CI: 0.05-0.38 p = <0.00001, N = 12 studies). Among studies with healthy individuals and other patient populations, no significant effects of INI were found for global cognition.
conclusionsThis review demonstrates that INI may be associated with pro-cognitive benefits for global cognition, specifically for individuals with AD/MCI. Further studies are required to better understand the neurobiological mechanisms and differences in etiology to dissect the intrinsic and extrinsic factors contributing to the treatment response of INI.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.