ArticleClinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)2023
Ocular Survival Following Intravitreal Melphalan as Adjuvant Treatment for Vitreous Retinoblastoma Seeding.
Article in Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Injectable hydrogel-mediated co-delivery of oncolytic adenovirus and melphalan for retinoblastoma control and vision preservation.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2025Article
- Mimicking Retinoblastoma Treatment With Repeated Topotecan or Melphalan Develops Cross-Resistance to Classic Agents But Not to Repurposed Drugs.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of intravitreal chemotherapy for vitreous seeding in patients with retinoblastoma (Rb). Design: Retrospective, single-arm cohort study. Methods: This study was conducted at a tertiary eye center. Between 2013 and 2021, 27 patients (27 eyes) with vitreous Rb receiving adjuvant intravitreal melphalan (IVM) as secondary/salvage treatment in one eye were included. Patients who were unable to follow-up or treated elsewhere were excluded. Survival analysis was performed to assess the incidence of enucleation in the melphalan-treated group, as well as in bilateral cases with eyes receiving melphalan and those receiving standard treatment, consisting of chemotherapy, thermotherapy, and enucleation according to the disease stage. Results: The median (interquartile range) follow-up time was 65 months (range, 34-83 months). Seventeen patients (63%) had bilateral disease. Sixteen eyes (59%) were saved. The Kaplan-Meier survival estimates for eyes receiving melphalan were 100% at 1 year (95% confidence interval [CI]:11.2-14.3), 75% (95% CI:14.2-48.9) at 3 years, and 50% at 5 years. Melphalan-treated patients with bilateral disease showed a significantly higher number of saved eyes than the standard treatment group ( Conclusion: IVM is an effective treatment option for vitreous seeds. After 3 years of follow-up, the estimated survival rate for saved eyes decreased, and vitreous hemorrhage significantly increased the likelihood of enucleation. Further studies are required to determine the precise effects of IVM.
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