ReviewMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2023
Skin Pigmentation Types, Causes and Treatment-A Review.
Review in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 87 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
87 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 162 citations in OpenAlex.
- Axillary Hyperpigmentation Treatment: A Systematic Review of the Literature.Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2025Pooled it
- Comparative efficacy of topical interventions for facial photoaging: a network meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2025Pooled it
- Quercetin as a therapeutic agent for skin problems: a systematic review and meta-analysis on antioxidant effects, oxidative stress, inflammation, wound healing, hyperpigmentation, aging, and skin cancer.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Monopolar Radiofrequency for Facial Hyperpigmentation Treatment: An Integrated Retrospective Clinical Trial and Ex Vivo Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Trial
- Effects of Snake Fruit-Infused Massage Oil With Traditional Thai Massage on Skin Quality: A Randomized Controlled Trial.TheScientificWorldJournal · 2026Trial
- Multi-Plant Concentrated Powder Improved Skin Whitening: A Double-Blinded, Randomized, and Placebo-Controlled Clinical Study.Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2025Trial
- Advances in biomarkers of benzene exposure and toxicity: From mechanistic insights to occupational health applications (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2026Review
- Rational design of triazole tyrosinase inhibitors via integrated free energy calculations.Molecular diversity · 2026Article
- Production of Anti-melanogenic Glucosides via Molecular Docking-guided Biotransformation of p-hydroxyphenethyl anisate.Applied biochemistry and biotechnology · 2026Article
- The Influence of Sunscreen Use on Skin Pigmentation Disorders: Melasma, Post-Inflammatory Hyperpigmentation, and Vitiligo.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Tinosporide promotes melanogenesis via activation of cAMP/PKA/CREB-MITF signaling in B16F10 and SK-MEL-2 cells.Journal of natural medicines · 2026Article
- Citalopram-induced photopigmentation.JAAD case reports · 2026Article
- Strategy and efficiency-redefined discovery of novel nanomolar tyrosinase inhibitors: AI de novo molecular generation + expert-guided structural optimization.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- Molecular Targets in Modern Cosmetic Science.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Kojic Acid as a Natural Hypopigmenting Agent: Biological Activities, Delivery Challenges, and Nanotechnology-Based Strategies.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Advances in animal models of pigmentary skin disorders.Laboratory animal research · 2026Review
- Practical Therapeutic Strategies for Acne-Induced Hyperpigmentation Across all Skin Types.American journal of clinical dermatology · 2026Review
- Natural Source, Chemical Classification and Medicinal Application of the Stilbene-Type Compounds: A Review of Structural Modification Around Stilbene Scaffold.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Combination Approach to Hyperpigmentation: Unveiling Enhanced Aesthetic Results With Microneedling and Pigment-Correcting Peel.The Journal of clinical and aesthetic dermatology · 2026Article
- The Role of Phytocompounds and the Physiological Response of the Skin in Common Dermatological Conditions: A Narrative Review and Bibliometric Analysis of Trends.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
27 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Human skin pigmentation and melanin synthesis are incredibly variable, and are impacted by genetics, UV exposure, and some drugs. Patients' physical appearance, psychological health, and social functioning are all impacted by a sizable number of skin conditions that cause pigmentary abnormalities. Hyperpigmentation, where pigment appears to overflow, and hypopigmentation, where pigment is reduced, are the two major classifications of skin pigmentation. Albinism, melasma, vitiligo, Addison's disease, and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, which can be brought on by eczema, acne vulgaris, and drug interactions, are the most common skin pigmentation disorders in clinical practice. Anti-inflammatory medications, antioxidants, and medications that inhibit tyrosinase, which prevents the production of melanin, are all possible treatments for pigmentation problems. Skin pigmentation can be treated orally and topically with medications, herbal remedies, and cosmetic products, but a doctor should always be consulted before beginning any new medicine or treatment plan. This review article explores the numerous types of pigmentation problems, their causes, and treatments, as well as the 25 plants, 4 marine species, and 17 topical and oral medications now on the market that have been clinically tested to treat skin diseases.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.