ReviewMicroorganisms2023
The Neonatal Immune System and Respiratory Pathogens.
Review in Microorganisms, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed.
- Acceptability of alcohol-based hand rub during neonatal care in rural Ugandan households: a qualitative study nested within the BabyGel trial.Global health action · 2026Trial
- Vaccine Responses in Early Age.Vaccines · 2026Review
- Alveolar macrophages undergo postnatal transition from a hyperphagocytic and proinflammatory profile to a tolerogenic profile.iScience · 2026Article
- Immune development in early life.Nature immunology · 2026Review
- Predictors of Length of Hospital Stay Among Under-Five Children with Clinical Pneumonia at a Rural Tertiary Hospital Setting in South Africa.Pediatric reports · 2026Article
- Review
- Novel Wide-Spectrum Virucidal Lipid Nanoparticles.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Article
- Beyond the skin barrier: commensalbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Reconstructing severe acute respiratory infection dynamics from ICD-10 hospital discharge data: a 10-year analysis of 11.2 million discharges in Ecuador, 2014-2023.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Maternal probiotic exposure enhances CD8 T cell protective neonatal immunity and modulates offspring metabolome to control influenza virus infection.Gut microbes · 2025Article
- Elevated lipocalin-2, matrix matalloproteinase-9 and mmp-9/lcn-2 complex serum levels in hospitalized infants with severe bronchiolitis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Novel Insight into Dugong Mortality: First Report of SystemicAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Cathelicidin-related antimicrobial peptide (CRAMP) is toxic during neonatal murine influenza virus infection.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2025Article
- Breast milk-saliva interactions in shaping early mucosal immunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Application of a modified lung ultrasound score in assessing the severity of neonatal pneumonia: a multicenter prospective study.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Global, regional, and national burden of neonatal otitis media attributable to PM2.5 air pollution: findings from the Global Burden of Disease study 2021.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Making friends: active selection of symbionts and rejection of pathogens by the neonatal immune system.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Neonates are more susceptible to some pathogens, particularly those that cause infection in the respiratory tract. This is often attributed to an incompletely developed immune system, but recent work demonstrates effective neonatal immune responses to some infection. The emerging view is that neonates have a distinctly different immune response that is well-adapted to deal with unique immunological challenges of the transition from a relatively sterile uterus to a microbe-rich world, tending to suppress potentially dangerous inflammatory responses. Problematically, few animal models allow a mechanistic examination of the roles and effects of various immune functions in this critical transition period. This limits our understanding of neonatal immunity, and therefore our ability to rationally design and develop vaccines and therapeutics to best protect newborns. This review summarizes what is known of the neonatal immune system, focusing on protection against respiratory pathogens and describes challenges of various animal models. Highlighting recent advances in the mouse model, we identify knowledge gaps to be addressed.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.