ReviewGenes2023
Microsatellite Instability and Immune Response: From Microenvironment Features to Therapeutic Actionability-Lessons from Colorectal Cancer.
Review in Genes, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Comprehensive Evaluation of the Effectiveness and Safety of Pembrolizumab for the Treatment of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Current cancer drug targets · 2026Pooled it
- The neoadjuvant immunotherapy for non-metastatic mismatch repair-deficient colorectal cancer: a systematic review.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Pleomorphism in Soft Tissue Sarcomas: Molecular Characteristics and Clinical Features.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer: Clinical and Molecular Features with Emerging Insights from Comprehensive Genomic Profiling.Oncology and therapy · 2026Review
- Tumor-Derived Exosomes Deliver Membrane-Bound Fgl2 to Activate FcγRIIB-Mediated Immunosuppression in Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Emerging Molecular Insights and Targeted Therapeutics in Colorectal Cancer: From Emerging Approaches to Personalized Medicine.Journal of gastrointestinal cancer · 2026Review
- Application value of CT-based extracellular volume fraction in assessing microsatellite status in colorectal cancer.American journal of translational research · 2026Article
- Differential infiltration of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and expression of PD-L1 in paired biopsy and resection specimens of gastric and colorectal adenocarcinomas.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Senescence-associated and immune-related 9p21.3 locus genes in colorectal cancer: epigenetic architecture, molecular landscape and therapeutic possibilities.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Immunotherapy-induced microsatellite instability status shift in recurrent perihilar cholangiocarcinoma: A case report.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
- Molecular dynamics simulation and single-cell and spatial transcriptomics validate immune and prognostic biomarkers in colorectal cancer and construct a clinical prognostic model.Translational cancer research · 2025Article
- Microsatellite instability and its impact on nutritional and inflammatory profiles in colorectal cancer.World journal of gastrointestinal surgery · 2025Article
- Prognostic Factors in Colorectal Liver Metastases: An Exhaustive Review of the Literature and Future Prospectives.Cancers · 2025Review
- CLIC2 regulates immunosuppression and macrophage differentiation in genomically stable gastric cancer.Biology direct · 2025Article
- Emerging Concepts in Immuno-Oncology: Insights from Natural Language Processing-Driven Co-Occurrence Analysis.ACS omega · 2025Review
- Article
- Association ofGut microbiome (Cambridge, England) · 2025Review
- Relationship between LILRB2 and APE1 levels and pathological characteristics in colorectal cancer patients and their predictive value for prognosis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Terminally exhausted CD8Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Colorectal cancer patients-derived immunity-organoid platform unveils cancer-specific tissue markers associated with immunotherapy resistance.Cell death & disease · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Microsatellite instability (MSI) can be found in 15-20% of all colorectal cancers (CRC) and is the key feature of a defective DNA mismatch repair (MMR) system. Currently, MSI has been established as a unique and pivotal biomarker in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of CRC. MSI tumors display a strong lymphocytic activation and a shift toward a tumoral microenvironment restraining metastatic potential and ensuing in a high responsiveness to immunotherapy of MSI CRC. Indeed, neoplastic cells with an MMR defect overexpress several immune checkpoint proteins, such as programmed death-1 (PD-1) and programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1), that can be pharmacologically targeted, allowing for the revival the cytotoxic immune response toward the tumor. This review aims to illustrate the role of MSI in the tumor biology of colorectal cancer, focusing on the immune interactions with the microenvironment and their therapeutic implications.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.