Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37371435›Full record

ReviewBrain sciences2023

Is It Time for a Paradigm Shift in the Treatment of Schizophrenia? The Use of Inflammation-Reducing and Neuroprotective Drugs-A Review.

Antonino Messina, Carmen Concerto, Alessandro Rodolico, Antonino Petralia, Filippo Caraci, Maria Salvina Signorelli

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Brain sciences, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
4.1field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Schizophrenia: from mechanism to therapy.Science China. Life sciences · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. In the Brain of Phosphodiesterases: Potential Therapeutic Targets for Schizophrenia.Clinical psychopharmacology and neuroscience : the official scientific journal of the Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2025
    Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Antonino MessinaDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-3594-8542
Carmen ConcertoDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-7426-5250
Alessandro RodolicoDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-2196-0601
Antonino PetraliaDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.
Filippo CaraciDepartment of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.
Maria Salvina SignorelliDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-6941-9454
University of Catania · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Comprehending the pathogenesis of schizophrenia represents a challenge for global mental health. To date, although it is evident that alterations in dopaminergic, serotonergic, and glutamatergic neurotransmission underlie the clinical expressiveness of the disease, neuronal disconnections represent only an epiphenomenon. In recent years, several clinical studies have converged on the hypothesis of microglia hyperactivation and a consequent neuroinflammatory state as a pathogenic substrate of schizophrenia. Prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal factors can cause microglia to switch from M2 anti-inflammatory to M1 pro-inflammatory states. A continuous mild neuroinflammatory state progressively leads to neuronal loss, a reduction in dendritic spines, and myelin degeneration. The augmentation of drugs that reduce neuroinflammation to antipsychotics could be an effective therapeutic modality in managing schizophrenia. This review will consider studies in which drugs with anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties have been used in addition to antipsychotic treatment in patients with schizophrenia.

Indexed as

anti-inflammatory drugscytokinesIL-1βIL-6neuroinflammationneuroprotective drugsresistant schizophreniaschizophreniaTNF-αultra-high-risk psychosis

Identifiers

PMID37371435
PMCPMC10296023
OpenAlexW4380985504

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.