ArticleCancers2023
Population-Attributable Fractions of Personal Comorbidities for Liver, Gallbladder, and Bile Duct Cancers.
Article in Cancers, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Identifying risk factors of biliary tract cancers using a large Japanese regional insurance claims database.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Prevalence of New-Onset Diabetes in Patients Undergoing Pancreatic Surgery and the Association of Glucose Dysregulation With Complications in Pancreatic Cancer.Annals of surgery open : perspectives of surgical history, education, and clinical approaches · 2025Article
- Long-term weight change patterns in American adulthood in relation to gallstones: evidence from NHANES.BMC gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Integrated Pleiotropic Gene Set Unveils Comorbidity Insights across Digestive Cancers and Other Diseases.Genes · 2024Article
- miRNA and lncRNA as potential tissue biomarkers in hepatocellular carcinoma.Non-coding RNA research · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWe aim to estimate population-attributable fractions (PAF) for 13 comorbidities potentially predisposing to hepatobiliary cancer of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), gallbladder cancer (GBC), cancers of the intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts (ICC and ECC), and ampullary cancer.
methodsPatients were identified from the Swedish Inpatient Register from 1987 to 2018 and cancers from the Swedish Cancer Registry from 1997 through 2018. PAFs were calculated for each comorbidity-associated cancer using a cohort study design.
resultsFor male HCC, the major individual comorbidities (PAF > 10) were diabetes, alcohol-related liver disease, and hepatitis C virus infection. For female HCC, diabetes and autoimmune diseases were important contributors. For female GBC, gallstone disease was an overwhelming contributor, with a PAF of 30.57%, which was also important for men. The overall PAF for male ICC was almost two times higher than the female one. For ECC and ampullary cancer, infection of bile ducts was associated with the highest PAF.
conclusionsThe 13 comorbidities accounted for 50% or more of the potential etiological pathways of each hepatobiliary cancer except female ICC. The underlying convergent mechanism for these cancers may be chronic inflammation lasting for decades and thus offering possibilities for intervention and disease monitoring.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.