ArticleAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2023
Clinical Implications of Immune Checkpoints and the RANK/RANK-L Signaling Pathway in High-Grade Canine Mast Cell Tumors.
Article in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Presence of SFRP1 Reduces the High Risk of Metastasis in RANKL-Expressing Canine Mammary Cancers.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- The microenvironment in canine mast cell tumors: association between tumor-associated tissue eosinophilia and histological grade.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- Current Review of Monoclonal Antibody Therapeutics in Small Animal Medicine.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Review
- Intertumoral heterogeneity of the immune microenvironment in high grade canine mast cell tumors.Veterinary oncology (London, England) · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Mast cell tumors (MCTs) are the most common malignant cutaneous tumors in dogs, and they present extremely variable biological behavior. The interaction between RANK, RANK-L, and immune checkpoints is frequently detected in the tumor microenvironment, and, together, they participate in every stage of cancer development. Thus, the aim of this study was to characterize the molecular profiles of PD-L1, CTLA-4, RANK/RANK-L signaling pathway, and IFN-γ in primary tumors and lymph node metastases. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded slides of MCTs and metastatic lymph nodes of ten dogs were submitted to immunohistochemical investigations. The results demonstrated that the tumor microenvironment of the high-grade mast cell tumors showed moderate or intense immunolabeling of all proteins, and the lymph node metastases also showed moderate or intense immunolabeling of checkpoint proteins. In addition, MCTs larger than 3 cm were associated with intensified PD-L1 (
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.