ArticleBiomimetics (Basel, Switzerland)2023
Cross-Sectional 4D-Printing: Upscaling Self-Shaping Structures with Differentiated Material Properties Inspired by the Large-Flowered Butterwort (
Article in Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- A Physical Adaptive Material Motor Unit Neural Network: A Hygromorph Composite Material Machine.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Carnivorous Plants as Model Species for Recent and Further Studies.Results and problems in cell differentiation · 2026Review
- Four-Dimensional Multistep Vertical Printing for Hygroresponsive Shape Change with Nonplanar Rest-State Geometries.3D printing and additive manufacturing · 2025Article
- Weather-responsive adaptive shading through biobased and bioinspired hygromorphic 4D-printing.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Analysis and Simulation of the Compressive Strength of Bioinspired Lightweight Structures Manufactured by a Stereolithography 3D Printer.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Stereo Camera Setup for 360° Digital Image Correlation to Reveal Smart Structures ofBiomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Extrusion-based 4D-printing, which is an emerging field within additive manufacturing, has enabled the technical transfer of bioinspired self-shaping mechanisms by emulating the functional morphology of motile plant structures (e.g., leaves, petals, capsules). However, restricted by the layer-by-layer extrusion process, much of the resulting works are simplified abstractions of the pinecone scale's bilayer structure. This paper presents a new method of 4D-printing by rotating the printed axis of the bilayers, which enables the design and fabrication of self-shaping monomaterial systems in cross sections. This research introduces a computational workflow for programming, simulating, and 4D-printing differentiated cross sections with multilayered mechanical properties. Taking inspiration from the large-flowered butterwort (
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.