SynthesisOrphanet journal of rare diseases2023
Pituitary abscess: a case report and systematic review of 488 cases.
Synthesis in Orphanet journal of rare diseases, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interplay Between Infectious Diseases and the Endocrine System: An Overview and Clinical Insights.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2026Review
- Expanded endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal resection of a rare concurrent sellar pituitary adenoma and suprasellar abscess: illustrative case.Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons · 2026Article
- Meningoencephalitis and secondary pituitary abscess in a 16-year-old patient with gigantism.JCEM case reports · 2026Article
- Non-surgical management of pituitary abscess: Case series and literature review.Surgical neurology international · 2026Article
- Pituitary Abscess Syndrome in Ruminants: Nine Cases.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Rare secondary pituitary abscess arising in a craniopharyngioma: A case report and literature review.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2025Article
- A Rare Primary Pituitary Abscess Caused by Cutibacterium Acnes.Journal of neurological surgery reports · 2025Article
- Secondary Pituitary Abscess Inside a Macroadenoma Complicated by Postoperative Hemorrhage and Reinfection: A Case Report.The American journal of case reports · 2025Article
- Usefulness of 3T split acquisition fast spin-echo diffusion-weighted imaging for differentiating pituitary abscess from other sellar cystic lesions: a preliminary study.Neuroradiology · 2025Article
- Fungal Sinusitis Spreading to the Sellar Region Mimicking a Pituitary Tumor: Case Report and Literature Review.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- An unusual case of primary pituitary abscess due to Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2025Article
- A Medical Rarity: IsolatedCase reports in infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Hypopituitarism due to CNS Aspergillus Infection.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2024Article
- Solitary pituitary metastasis from breast cancer masquerading as a pituitary macroadenoma: a report of 2 rare cases.Gland surgery · 2024Article
- An Update on Advances in Hypopituitarism: Etiology, Diagnosis, and Current Management.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Primary Pituitary Abscess: Two Case Reports.Journal of neurological surgery reports · 2024Article
- The brain region that is least prone to abscess: pineal gland.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPituitary abscess (PA) is a rare condition and not well understood. We aimed to describe a case and perform a comprehensive systematic review to explore presenting symptoms, radiological findings, endocrine abnormalities and mortality.
aimTo identify presenting symptoms, radiological findings, endocrinological abnormalities and predictors of mortality for PA.
methodsWe systematically reviewed the literature to identify all case reports of PA. Data regarding presentation, mortality, radiological findings, endocrinological abnormalities and treatment was extracted.
resultsWe identified 488 patients from 218 articles meeting the inclusion criteria. Mortality was 5.1%, with days to presentation (OR 1.0005, 95% CI 1.0001-1.0008, p < 0.01) being the only identified independent predictor of mortality. Mortality rates have decreased over time, with cases published prior to 2000 having higher mortality rates (OR 6.92, 95% CI 2.80-17.90, p < 0.001). The most common symptom was headache (76.2%), followed by visual field defects (47.3%). Classical signs of infection were only present in 43%. The most common imaging feature on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was high T2 and low T1 signal of the pituitary gland with peripheral contrast enhancement. Over half (54.8%) were culture negative, with the most common bacterial organism being staphylococcus aureus (7.8%) and fungal organism being aspergillus (8.8%). The most common endocrine abnormality was hypopituitarism (41.1%), followed by diabetes insipidus (24.8%). Whilst symptoms resolved in most patients, persistent endocrine abnormalities were present in over half of patients (61.0%).
conclusionPA is associated with significant mortality, with delayed presentation increasing risk of mortality. Ongoing endocrinological abnormalities are common. Given the non-specific clinical presentation, the appearance of high T2, low T1 and peripheral contrast enhancement of the pituitary on MRI should prompt consideration of this rare disease.
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