ArticleBMC nephrology2023
Light and heavy chain deposition disease with focal amyloid deposition diagnosed with mass spectrometry: a case report.
Article in BMC nephrology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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1 citing paper in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Case of Amyloid Goitre in Heavy Chain Amyloidosis: Diagnostic Challenges and Clinical Implications.European journal of case reports in internal medicine · 2024Article
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12 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLight and heavy chain deposition disease (LHCDD) is a rare condition characterised by the deposition of immunoglobulin components in the kidneys. Similarly, Amyloidosis is also caused by the deposition of light chain and/or heavy chain components of immunoglobulins which are folded into amyloid fibrils characterised by Congophilic deposits that exhibit apple-green birefringence under polarised light. Only a handful of reports describing LHCDD with amyloid fibril deposition have been previously published, however, none have characterized the composition of the deposited immunoglobulin components via mass spectrometry. CASE PRESENTATION: We report a case of a 79-year-old Japanese woman with nephrotic syndrome. Bone marrow aspiration revealed a slight proliferation of plasma cells (under 10%). Immunofluorescence assessment of renal biopsy showed amyloid-like deposits in the glomerulus that were positive for IgA and kappa. Further, the Congo red staining of the deposits was faintly positive, and only a slight birefringence was detected. Electron microscopy confirmed fine fibrillar structures and non-amyloid deposits. Finally, mass spectrometry revealed that the deposits were composed of abundant amounts of light chain with small amounts of heavy chain. Therefore, the patient was diagnosed with LHCDD and focal amyloid deposition. Chemotherapy was subsequently initiated, which resulted in haematological and renal response. Under polarised light, faint birefringence with Congo red staining and periodic acid-methenamine silver positivity indicated that the deposits were mostly non-amyloid fibrils with a small component of amyloid fibrils. Generally, the diagnosis of heavy- and light-chain amyloidosis is defined by greater heavy chain deposition compared to the light chain. However, in our case, contrary to the definition, the light-chain deposition was far greater than that of the heavy-chain.
conclusionsThis is the first case of LHCDD with focal amyloid deposition diagnosed by analysing the glomerular deposits by mass spectrometry.
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