ArticleBMC ophthalmology2023
Comparing myopic error in patients with basic and convergence insufficiency intermittent exotropia in China.
Article in BMC ophthalmology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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6 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Characteristics of refractive errors in children with intermittent exotropia compared with the general population.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The Changing Natural History of Anisometropia: A Scoping Review.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026Article
- Prevalence and diagnostic signs of convergence insufficiency among schoolchildren in Kaohsiung, Taiwan: a cross-sectional study.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Clinical Characteristics of Intermittent Exotropia in Children with Myopia and Myopic Anisometropia.Current medical science · 2025Article
- Clinical Features According to the Type of Intermittent Exotropia: Korean Intermittent Exotropia Multicenter Study.Epidemiologia (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Binocular Summation With Quantitative Contrast Sensitivity Function: A Novel Parameter to Evaluate Binocular Function in Intermittent Exotropia.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Article
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5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
purposeTo compare the degree of myopia between the dominant and non-dominant eyes in teenagers with intermittent exotropia (IXT) in China.
methodsA total of 199 IXT patients with myopia were included in this retrospective study and were divided into two groups according to the difference between near and distance exodeviation: basic IXT and convergence insufficiency (CI) IXT. Refractive errors were analyzed by spherical equivalent (SE) values. Patients were further stratified into anisometropia group and non-anisometropia group based on binocular SE values difference greater than 1.0D or not.
resultsThere were 127 patients in the CI IXT group, with a near deviation of 46.94 ± 20.53 prism diopters (PD) and a distance deviation of 28.36 ± 14.34 PD, and there were 72 (36.2%) patients in the basic IXT group, with a near deviation of 37.68 ± 22.21 PD and a distance deviation angle of 33.21 ± 23.96 PD. The near exodeviation was significantly larger in the CI group than in the basic IXT group(P < 0.001). In the CI IXT group, the mean SE was - 2.09 ± 1.45 diopters (D) in the dominant eye and - 2.53 ± 1.44D in the non-dominant eye, while in the basic IXT group, the mean SE was - 2.46 ± 1.56D in the dominant eye and - 2.89 ± 1.37D in the non-dominant eye. The anisometropia group included 43 patients, while non-anisometropia group included 156 patients. The near and distance exodeviation in the anisometropia group were 45.26 ± 24.41 PD and 33.53 ± 23.31 PD, respectively, and those in the non-anisometropia group were 43.42 ± 20.69 PD and 29.07 ± 16.84 PD, respectively. There were no significant differences in near and distance deviation (P = 0.78 and P = 0.73 respectively) between the two groups. The SE of the dominant eye was less myopic than of the non-dominant eyes in both the CI and anisometropia groups (P = 0.002 and P < 0.001, respectively).
conclusionsOur study revealed that convergence insufficiency IXT is more common than the basic type in pediatric myopic population and is characterized by higher inter-eye differences of myopia. The dominant eye was found to be less myopic in IXT patients, particularly in those with convergence insufficiency and anisometropia.
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