ArticleNature human behaviour2023
Replicable brain-phenotype associations require large-scale neuroimaging data.
Article in Nature human behaviour, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The Relationship Between Family History of Depression and Brain Structure and Function: A Systematic Review of Large Cohorts.Biological psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Brain maps of general cognitive functioning: neuroimaging and neurobiological signatures.Translational psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Brain-cognition relationships in late-life depression: a systematic review of structural magnetic resonance imaging studies.Translational psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- Evaluating clinical and neuroimaging predictors for cognitive-behavioral therapy outcome in obsessive-compulsive disorder.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The Impact of Denoising Approaches on the Relationship Between Alzheimer's Disease Diagnostic Status and Network Topology Measures.Human brain mapping · 2026Article
- Blunted Reward Responsiveness During Social Feedback: Associations with Peer Victimization and Anhedonia in Socially Anxious Adolescents.Brain and behavior · 2026Article
- Feature selection leads to divergent neurobiological interpretations of brain-based machine learning biomarkers.Nature human behaviour · 2026Article
- Garbage in, garbage out: stringent quality control of behavioral data boosts signal in brain-behavior associations.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2026Article
- External validation improves generalizability, replicability and reproducibility in predictive models for neuroimaging.Nature methods · 2026Review
- Mapping the spatiotemporal continuum of structural connectivity development across the human connectome in youth.Nature communications · 2026Article
- General cognitive function and the brain's structural connectome.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Spontaneous brain regional dynamics contribute to generalizable brain-behaviour associations.Nature human behaviour · 2026Article
- The neural basis of explicit and implicit emotion regulation: a coordinate-based meta-analysis.Oxford open neuroscience · 2026Review
- Improved Estimation of Correlation Accuracy for Machine Learning Brain-Phenotype Associations.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Overlooked features lead to divergent neurobiological interpretations of brain-based machine learning biomarkers.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- A Replicable and Generalizable Neuroimaging-Based Indicator of Pain Sensitivity Across Individuals.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Clinical profile impacts the replicability of multivariate brain-behavioural associations.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Article
- Neurobiological correlates of schizophrenia-specific and highly pleiotropic genetic risk scores for neuropsychiatric disorders.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Numerous neuroimaging studies have investigated the neural basis of interindividual differences but the replicability of brain-phenotype associations remains largely unknown. We used the UK Biobank neuroimaging dataset (N = 37,447) to examine associations with six variables related to physical and mental health: age, body mass index, intelligence, memory, neuroticism and alcohol consumption, and assessed the improvement of replicability for brain-phenotype associations with increasing sampling sizes. Age may require only 300 individuals to provide highly replicable associations but other phenotypes required 1,500 to 3,900 individuals. The required sample size showed a negative power law relation with the estimated effect size. When only comparing the upper and lower quarters, the minimally required sample sizes for imaging decreased by 15-75%. Our findings demonstrate that large-scale neuroimaging data are required for replicable brain-phenotype associations, that this can be mitigated by preselection of individuals and that small-scale studies may have reported false positive findings.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.