SynthesisJournal of sleep research2023
Cognitive factors and processes in models of insomnia: A systematic review.
Synthesis in Journal of sleep research, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Cognitive factors and processes in models of insomnia: A systematic review.Journal of sleep research · 2023Pooled it
- The Efficacy of Therapist-Guided, Internet-Delivered Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Chronic Insomnia Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Nature and science of sleep · 2026Trial
- Effectiveness of internet-based self-help cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) among community adults: A randomized controlled trial.Applied psychology. Health and well-being · 2025Trial
- Exploring the Association Between Psychological Inflexibility, Experiential Avoidance and Sleep-Related Problems Among Adolescents: The EHDLA Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Anger, Cynical Distrust, Nightmare Distress and Insomnia Among Nursing Personnel.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Insomnia: Mechanisms and Intervention Strategies.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- What Role Do Perfectionism and Cognitive Pre-Sleep Arousal Play in the Link Between Stress and Sleep? A Daily Diary Study in University Students.Stress and health : journal of the International Society for the Investigation of Stress · 2026Article
- Prospective Pathways Among Rumination, Depression, and Insomnia in Youth.Research on child and adolescent psychopathology · 2026Article
- From Better Sleep to Improved Mood: A Review of the Biopsychosocial Pathways for Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia's Antidepressant Effects.Current sleep medicine reports · 2026Review
- From night-to-night and from person-to-person: dynamic phenomena of insomnia.Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society · 2026Article
- Profiles of sleep hygiene, insomnia, sleep locus of control, and psychological well-being among nursing students: a cluster analysis.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Insomnia and internet addiction: a longitudinal examination using random intercept cross-lagged panel modeling.BMC psychology · 2025Article
- Dysfunctional cognitions and insomnia symptoms in pregnant women: the serial mediation roles of pre-sleep arousal and maladaptive habits.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Complex temporal dynamics of mental health indicators: A longitudinal network approach perspective.Psychological medicine · 2025Article
- Impaired emotional memory dissipation in insomnia disorder.Psychological medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- Sleep-related safety behaviours predict insomnia symptoms 1 year later in a sample of university students.Journal of sleep research · 2025Article
- Chronic insomnia, REM sleep instability and emotional dysregulation: A pathway to anxiety and depression?Journal of sleep research · 2025Review
- The Sleep Expectation-Reality Gap: Exploring Discrepancies Between Perceived and Ideal Sleep Duration in Primary Care Patients.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Evaluating the Insomnia Severity Index among South African first responders: evidence from classical test theory, Rasch, and Mokken analyses.Frontiers in sleep · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Cognition is central to the experience of insomnia. Although unhelpful thoughts about and around insomnia are a primary treatment target of cognitive behaviour therapy for insomnia, cognitive constructs are termed and conceptualised differently in different theories of insomnia proposed over the past decades. In search of consensus in thinking, the current systematic review identified cognitive factors and processes featured in theoretical models of insomnia and mapped any commonality between models. We systematically searched PsycINFO and PubMed for published theoretical articles on the development, maintenance and remission of insomnia, from inception of databases to February, 2023. A total of 2458 records were identified for title and abstract screening. Of these, 34 were selected for full-text assessment and 12 included for analysis and data synthesis following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. We identified nine distinguishable models of insomnia published between 1982 and 2023 and extracted 20 cognitive factors and processes featured in these models; 39 if sub-factors were counted. After assigning similarity ratings, we observed a high degree of overlap between constructs despite apparent differences in terminologies and measurement methods. As a result, we highlight shifts in thinking around cognitions associated with insomnia and discuss future directions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.