Trial reportThe Journal of nutrition2023
Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Single-Blind Study of Lutein Supplementation on Carotenoid Status and Cognition in Persons with Multiple Sclerosis.
Trial report in The Journal of nutrition, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04843813 (Lutein and Multiple Sclerosis Experimental Study), which is not on this map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Lutein and Multiple Sclerosis Experimental Study (LuMES)
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pharmacological treatment options for cognitive dysfunction induced by multiple sclerosis: a network meta-analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Macular Pigment and Retinal Reflectance in a Feasibility Study of Multiple Sclerosis: Toward Novel Biomarkers of Hidden Disease Processes.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Observational
- Bioactive Properties of Carotenoids in Ocular Diseases: Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Neuroprotective Effects.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Iron-enrichment of kale via combination moderate electric field processing enhances iron delivery in vitro.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Oxylipin Biomarkers of Auto-Oxidation Are Associated with Antioxidant Micronutrients and Multiple Sclerosis Disability.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Exploring Mechanistic Insights by Carotenoids in Neuropathic and Inflammatory Pain.Current neuropharmacology · 2026Review
- Examining intra- and inter-device reliability of pressure-mediated reflection spectroscopy in a multi-state sample of healthy adults.Public health nutrition · 2025Article
- Carotenoids and Their Interaction with the Immune System.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Can supplementation with antioxidants improve cognitive functions in patients with multiple sclerosis? A literature review.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Review
- Anti-Aging Potential of Avocado Oil via Its Antioxidant Effects.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- An Overview on the Effects of Some Carotenoids on Health: Lutein and Zeaxanthin.Current nutrition reports · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMultiple sclerosis (MS) is traditionally managed using disease-modifying pharmaceutical therapies as a first line approach for treatment, yet there is increasing interest in lifestyle factors, particularly diet, for managing disease outcomes. Lutein has neuroprotective properties in healthy adults, but no previous research has examined the effects of lutein supplementation in persons with MS.
objectivesThis study aimed to investigate the efficacy of 4-mo lutein supplementation on carotenoid status and cognition in persons with relapse-remitting MS (RRMS).
methodsA randomized controlled, single-blind research design was used among adults with RRMS (N = 21). Participants were randomized into placebo (n = 9) or treatment (20-mg/d lutein, n = 12) groups with outcomes measured before and after 4 mo. Macular pigment optical density (MPOD) was assessed using heterochromatic flicker photometry. Skin carotenoids were assessed using reflection spectroscopy. Serum lutein was measured using high-performance liquid chromatography. Cognition was assessed via the Eriksen flanker with event-related potentials, spatial reconstruction, and the symbol digit modalities tests.
resultsThere was a significant group by time interaction for MPOD (F = 6.74, P = 0.02), skin carotenoids (F = 17.30, P < 0.01), and serum lutein (F = 24.10, P < 0.01), whereby the treatment group improved in all carotenoid outcomes. There were no significant group by time interactions for cognitive and neuroelectric outcomes. However, increase in MPOD was positively associated with accuracy during the flanker incongruent trials (r = 0.55, P = 0.03) and the spatial memory task (r = 0.58, P = 0.02) among treatment participants.
conclusionsLutein supplementation increases carotenoid status among persons with RRMS. There is no significant effect on cognitive function but change in macular carotenoids is selectively associated with improved attention and memory. This study provides preliminary support for a fully powered study targeting retinal and neural carotenoids for cognitive benefits in persons with MS. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT04843813.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.