ReviewFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology2023
Hemoglobin uptake and utilization by human protozoan parasites: a review.
Review in Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trichomonas vaginalis cathepsin D-like aspartic proteinase (Tv-CatD) is regulated by iron at different levels.Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine · 2026Article
- Paclitaxel-induced tubulin dysfunction stalls parasite development: synergistic potential with artemisinin against resistant strains.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Glutathione redox system as a therapeutic target for Plasmodium: Opportunities, Challenges, and future perspectives.Folia microbiologica · 2026Review
- Clinical Predictors for Early Aspiration in Patients With Liver Abscesses: Insights From a Combined-Risk Model.Cureus · 2025Article
- Comparative transcriptomics reveal stage-dependent parasitic adaptations in the myxozoan Sphaerospora molnari.BMC genomics · 2025Article
- Uncovering the diversity of pathogenic invaders: insights into protozoa, fungi, and worm infections.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The protozoan disease is a major global health concern. Amoebiasis, leishmaniasis, Chagas disease, and African sleeping sickness affect several million people worldwide, leading to millions of deaths annually and immense social and economic problems. Iron is an essential nutrient for nearly all microbes, including invading pathogens. The majority of iron in mammalian hosts is stored intracellularly in proteins, such as ferritin and hemoglobin (Hb). Hb, present in blood erythrocytes, is a very important source of iron and amino acids for pathogenic microorganisms ranging from bacteria to eukaryotic pathogens, such as worms, protozoa, yeast, and fungi. These organisms have developed adequate mechanisms to obtain Hb or its byproducts (heme and globin) from the host. One of the major virulence factors identified in parasites is parasite-derived proteases, essential for host tissue degradation, immune evasion, and nutrient acquisition. The production of Hb-degrading proteases is a Hb uptake mechanism that degrades globin in amino acids and facilitates heme release. This review aims to provide an overview of the Hb and heme-uptake mechanisms utilized by human pathogenic protozoa to survive inside the host.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.