ReviewFrontiers in neurology2023
Microglia in the context of multiple sclerosis.
Review in Frontiers in neurology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Microglial Innate Immune Memory: Implications and Research Advances in Central Nervous System Disorders.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Transcriptomic and functional annotation datasets for GV1001 peptide treatment in an experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mouse model.Data in brief · 2026Article
- Microglia Mitochondrial Metabolism in Neurological Diseases.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Therapeutic Plasma Exchange in Corticosteroid-Refractory Multiple Sclerosis Relapses: Mechanisms, Efficacy, and Integration into Clinical Practice.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Review
- Celiac Disease Increases the Risk of Multiple Sclerosis: Evidence from Mendelian Randomization and the Role of CCL19.Experimental neurobiology · 2025Article
- Methylprednisolone Modulates the Tfr/Tfh ratio in EAE-Induced Neuroinflammation through the PI3K/AKT/FoxO1 and PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signalling Pathways.Inflammation · 2025Article
- Development of Engineered Microparticles for Investigating Enzymatic Degradation of Proteins and Peptides within Phagosomes.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2025Article
- Review
- Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Neuroinflammation Intervention with Medicinal Plants: A Critical and Narrative Review of the Current Literature.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Review
- Recent advances in mesenchymal stem cell therapy for multiple sclerosis: clinical applications and challenges.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Review
- The Dual Role of Microglia in Multiple Sclerosis and its Implications for Diagnostics and Repair.Current neuropharmacology · 2025Review
- The Importance of Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase in Neuroinflammation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- A Morphological Study of HLA-DR-Immunopositive Cells in Multiple Sclerosis Lesions and Their Implications for Pathogenesis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Multiple sclerosis: a narrative overview of current pharmacotherapies and emerging treatment prospects.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2024Review
- The Therapeutic Potential of Exosomes from Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Multiple Sclerosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Glial Cells as Key Regulators in Neuroinflammatory Mechanisms Associated with Multiple Sclerosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve ameliorates inflammation and disease activity in a rat EAE model of multiple sclerosis.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- NMDA Receptor Antagonist Memantine Ameliorates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Aged Rats.Biomedicines · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease that commonly results in nontraumatic disability in young adults. The characteristic pathological hallmark of MS is damage to myelin, oligodendrocytes, and axons. Microglia provide continuous surveillance in the CNS microenvironment and initiate defensive mechanisms to protect CNS tissue. Additionally, microglia participate in neurogenesis, synaptic refinement, and myelin pruning through the expression and release of different signaling factors. Continuous activation of microglia has been implicated in neurodegenerative disorders. We first review the lifetime of microglia, including the origin, differentiation, development, and function of microglia. We then discuss microglia participate in the whole processes of remyelination and demyelination, microglial phenotypes in MS, and the NF-κB/PI3K-AKT signaling pathway in microglia. The damage to regulatory signaling pathways may change the homeostasis of microglia, which would accelerate the progression of MS.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.