ArticleThe American economic review2022
Measuring Racial Discrimination in Bail Decisions.
Article in The American economic review, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Measuring disparate impact in human and machine decisions.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- An Assessment of Racial Disparities in Pretrial Decision-Making Using Misclassification Models.Journal of empirical legal studies · 2026Article
- Does AI help humans make better decisions? A statistical evaluation framework for experimental and observational studies.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Building Nondiscriminatory Algorithms in Selected Data.American economic review. Insights · 2025Article
- The Impact of Incarceration on Employment, Earnings, and Tax Filing.Econometrica : journal of the Econometric Society · 2025Article
- Discrimination in Multi-Phase Systems: Evidence from Child Protection.The quarterly journal of economics · 2024Article
- Using measures of race to make clinical predictions: Decision making, patient health, and fairness.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Selection with Variation in Diagnostic Skill: Evidence from Radiologists.The quarterly journal of economics · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
We develop new quasi-experimental tools to measure disparate impact, regardless of its source, in the context of bail decisions. We show that omitted variables bias in pretrial release rate comparisons can be purged by using the quasi-random assignment of judges to estimate average pretrial misconduct risk by race. We find that two-thirds of the release rate disparity between white and Black defendants in New York City is due to the disparate impact of release decisions. We then develop a hierarchical marginal treatment effect model to study the drivers of disparate impact, finding evidence of both racial bias and statistical discrimination.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.