ReviewLancet (London, England)2023
The role of structural racism and geographical inequity in diabetes outcomes.
Review in Lancet (London, England), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Comparative efficacy of social support on glycemic control for type 2 diabetes in low- and middle-income countries or among minoritized groups in high-income countries: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Journal of behavioral medicine · 2026Pooled it
- A systematic review of prevention strategies for type 2 diabetes in First Nations children and young people.Pediatric obesity · 2025Pooled it
- Do COVID-19 Infectious Disease Models Incorporate the Social Determinants of Health? A Systematic Review.Public health reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Project ECHO Diabetes Trial Improves Outcomes for Medically Underserved People.Diabetes care · 2025Trial
- Association between vascular risk factors and white matter integrity among diverse predominantly older Hispanic/Latino adults from the SOL-INCA MRI study.GeroScience · 2026Article
- The Association Between Social Determinants of Health and Overactive Bladder in US Adults: Depression as a Potential Explanatory Factor.International urogynecology journal · 2026Article
- Enhancing Type 2 Diabetes Management Involving Healthcare Professionals in Primary Care.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Review
- Diabetes and Foot Health Among South Asian People Seeking Asylum in the United Kingdom: A Theory-Informed Scoping Review.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2026Article
- Tailoring interventions to close gaps in diabetes mellitus care.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2026Review
- Examining Racial Discrimination Index and Black-Years of Potential Life Lost (YPLL) in South Carolina: A Real-Time Social Media Research.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Social capital and diabetes care: a cross-country analysis of prevalence, diagnosis and glycaemic control in 11 European countries using SHARE data.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Co-Designing Peer Support Interventions for Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes and Their Caregivers: A Novel Integration of Community-Based Participatory Research and Human-Centred Design Thinking.Hormone research in paediatrics · 2026Article
- Race, Structural Racism, and Prevalence of Diabetes in US Neighborhoods.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Associations of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances with markers of glycaemic control, insulin secretion and sensitivity, and diabetes risk: a systematic review and meta-analyses.EClinicalMedicine · 2026Article
- Differential Effects of Social Determinants of Health Factors on Mortality in US Adults with Prediabetes: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2018.Journal of general internal medicine · 2026Article
- Development of a multidimensional disease burden assessment system for childhood neuroblastoma based on the social determinants of health theory.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Machine Learning-Based Prediction Model Construction for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Comparison of Algorithms and Multilevel Risk Factor Analysis.Journal of diabetes research · 2026Article
- Pilot randomized trial of cash transfer interventions to improve health outcomes in low income adults with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes: Study protocol and baseline characteristics.Contemporary clinical trials · 2026Article
- Associations between the dietary inflammatory index, body mass index, and waist-to-height ratio and diagnosed and undiagnosed diabetes mellitus in adults in Guangxi, China.BMC public health · 2025Article
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Diabetes is pervasive, exponentially growing in prevalence, and outpacing most diseases globally. In this Series paper, we use new theoretical frameworks and a narrative review of existing literature to show how structural inequity (structural racism and geographical inequity) has accelerated rates of diabetes disease, morbidity, and mortality globally. We discuss how structural inequity leads to large, fixed differences in key, upstream social determinants of health, which influence downstream social determinants of health and resultant diabetes outcomes in a cascade of widening inequity. We review categories of social determinants of health with known effects on diabetes outcomes, including public awareness and policy, economic development, access to high-quality care, innovations in diabetes management, and sociocultural norms. We also provide regional perspectives, grounded in our theoretical framework, to highlight prominent, real-world challenges.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.