SynthesisJournal of Parkinson's disease2023
Cross-Cultural Differences in Stigma Associated with Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review.
Synthesis in Journal of Parkinson's disease, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exploring stigma in people living with Parkinson's disease and their caregivers: A review of qualitative studies.Journal of Parkinson's disease · 2025Pooled it
- Access, stigma and community engagement: implementation strategies for rural and underserved populations.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2026Review
- Parkinson's through a cultural lens: Diversity in disease expression and care.Journal of Parkinson's disease · 2026Review
- Anxiety is associated with increased risk of suicidality in Parkinson's disease.Journal of Parkinson's disease · 2026Article
- Predictors of Quality of Life in Parkinson's Disease: The Role of Mental Health and Internalized Stigma.Actas espanolas de psiquiatria · 2026Article
- Mental Health and Well-Being of Residents with Parkinson's Disease in Care Homes: A Scoping Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Determinants and progression of stigma in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neuron disease.Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis & frontotemporal degeneration · 2025Article
- Cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease and other parkinsonian syndromes.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2025Review
- Parkinson's Disease Database in the Middle East, North Africa, and South Asia Countries.International journal of public health · 2025Article
- Article
- Psychological Factors Affecting Assertiveness in Subjects with Parkinson's Disease.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Understanding Psychosocial Functioning, Caregiver Burden, and Neuropalliative Care in Parkinson's Disease - A Mixed-Methods Study.Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology · 2024Article
- Contextualizing stigma in Parkinson's disease research.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2024Article
- Tackling Parkinson's Disease as a Global Challenge.Journal of Parkinson's disease · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundStigma is an important social attitude affecting the quality of life (QoL) of people with Parkinson's disease (PwP, PD) as individuals within society.
objectiveThis systematic review aimed to 1) identify the factors associated with stigma in PD and 2) demonstrate culture-based diversity in the stigmatization of PwP. We also reported data from the Turkish PwP, which is an underrepresented population.
methodsFollowing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement, a literature search of the PubMed/Medline electronic database was performed covering the last 26 years. Articles on self-perceived stigma in PD with a sample size > 20 and quantitative results were included. Data were extracted by independent reviewers.
resultsAfter screening 163 articles, 57 were eligible for review, most of which were from Europe or Asia. Only two studies have been conducted in South America. No study from Africa was found. Among the 61 factors associated with stigma, disease duration, sex, and age were most frequently studied. A comparison of the investigated factors across the world showed that, while the effect of motor impairment or treatment on stigma seems to be culture-free, the impact of sex, education, marriage, employment, cognitive impairment, and anxiety on stigma may depend on culture.
conclusionThe majority of the world's PD population is underrepresented or unrepresented, and culture may influence the perception of stigma in PwP. More diverse data are urgently needed to understand and relieve the challenges of PwP within their society.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.