Trial reportBMC complementary medicine and therapies2023
The effect of lemon inhalation aromatherapy on pain, nausea, as well as vomiting and neurovascular assessment in patients for lower extremity fracture surgery: a randomized trial.
Trial report in BMC complementary medicine and therapies, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effect of Citrus aurantium inhalation aromatherapy on chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in breast cancer patients: a randomized controlled trial.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2025Trial
- Article
- The effect of aromatherapy on postoperative nausea and vomiting: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2026Article
- Comparison of Cumulative Opioid Consumption Between Time-Programmed Decremental Infusion and Fixed-Rate Basal Infusion Modes of Intravenous Patient-Controlled Analgesia Following Mixed Surgery: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of pain research · 2026Article
- The mediating role of health anxiety, resilience, and body image in the relationship between pain and sleep in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation patients.BMC psychology · 2025Article
- Impact of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation combined with aromatherapy on postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing microvascular decompression surgery: A prospective randomized study.Journal of anesthesia and translational medicine · 2025Article
- Comparative Effect of Intravenous Ketamine and Tramadol on Hemodynamic Parameters, Pain, Sedation, and Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Patients Undergoing Urological Surgery Under Spinal Anesthesia: A Triple-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial.Medical journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran · 2025Article
- Alleviation of physiological stress response by apple aroma.Australian journal of psychology · 2024Article
- Effect of Lemon Inhalation Aromatherapy on Postoperative Pain, Nausea and Vomiting, Delirium, and Inflammatory Markers After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: A Triple-Blind Randomized Trial.Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPRArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundComplementary and integrative medicine may be effective for postoperative outcomes. This study aimed to determine the effect of lemon inhalation aromatherapy on pain, nausea, and vomiting and neurovascular assessment in patients for lower extremity fracture surgery.
methodsThis is a randomized clinical trial study. Ninety patients who had undergone lower extremity fracture surgery were randomly assigned to the intervention (lemon aromatherapy) and control groups. Lemon aromatherapy was started in the morning of the surgery and extended at two-hour intervals until the end of the surgery, in the recovery room, and 16 h after surgery. Numerical pain and nausea and vomiting scales, the Rhodes Index of Nausea, Vomiting, and Retching, and the WACHS Neurovascular Observation Chart were used to assess the outcomes before and after the intervention (in the recovery room and 4, 8, 12, and 16 h post-surgery). The data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test, ANCOVA, and Repeated Measure ANCOVA.
resultsA significant difference was observed between the groups in terms of the intensity of pain (P < 0.001) and nausea and vomiting (P = 0.001) during the study period. Moreover, a significant difference was found between groups as to the frequency and severity of nausea, vomiting, and retching. The amount and duration of postoperative vomiting and nausea were significantly lower in the intervention group compared to the control group. In addition, lemon inhalation aromatherapy decreased the frequency of anti-emetic drug administration in the recovery room (P = 0.04) and 16 h post-surgery (P = 0.03).
conclusionsThis study indicated that aromatherapy reduced pain intensity, postoperative nausea, vomiting, and retching, as well as the incidence of anti-emetic drug administration. Therefore, using lemon inhalation aromatherapy to relieve pain and reduce nausea and vomiting is suggested for lower extremity fracture patients who have undergone surgery.
trial registrationThis study was registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trail (Number = 57,331, IRCT20130616013690N10, approved 24/07/2021) ( https://www.irct.ir/trial/57331 ).
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.